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    15 Things Your Period Could Be Telling You About Your Health

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    You may think the only thing your period can tell you is whether or not you’re pregnant – or if need to pop a painkiller because your cramps hurt like hell. But get this: your period health signals important things about how you’re doing overall.

    According to research from the American Heart Association, women whose periods start at age 10 or younger – or 17 and older – have a higher risk of developing heart disease, stroke and health complications related to high blood pressure. Women who experience their first menstrual cycle at 13, however, have the least risk of experiencing those conditions. Granted, that doesn’t mean that your period causes any of these problems – or that you’re doomed to experience them if you’re an early or late bloomer. But it’s still a good reminder that your flow can serve as an indication of other things going on in your bod.

    “While menstrual habits may change a bit through the decades, it’s important to consider changes in menses, such as change in frequency, length, and amount [of flow],” says ob-gyn Dr Alyssa Dweck, co-author of V is for Vagina. Here, Dr Dweck shares some period health signals you could pay attention to – and what they could mean. Make an appointment with your gynae if you suspect any of them may be an issue for you.

    A Missing Flow 

    An absent period can mean many things, only one of which can indicate pregnancy. On birth control? That might be why, too. It doesn’t end there.

    When you’re not eating right, it can affect your flow. “Absent menses in the presence of rapid or notable weight loss, with a low BMI, and/or excessive exercise,” point doctors to eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia, says Dr Dweck. If this is behind your period changes, you likely already suspect that you may be suffering from disordered eating. But if you haven’t come to terms with it yet, hopefully this will be the nudge you need to seek help.

    It might also point to PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome). Women who have PCOS suffer from a hormone imbalance that leads to problems with their periods and their ability to get pregnant (it can also lead to excess facial hair, obesity, ovarian cysts, infertility troubles and other side effects). Hormonal birth control can help treat the symptoms, as can a few other lifestyle changes. However (sadly), there is no cure for PCOS. 

    Other things your missing period can point to include a different hormonal imbalance (like stress), certain medications, over-exercising and finally, menopause. 

    A Heavy Flow

    If you have a super heavy flow, you may be anaemic, says Dr Dweck. Anaemia is a (way too common) condition in which your blood lacks red blood cells or haemoglobin (the main stuff red blood cells are made of). When this happens, your body doesn’t absorb enough oxygen, making you sluggish and giving you other unpleasant symptoms, such as headaches and dizziness. Since this can also cause an iron deficiency, your doc may recommend supplements.

    However, sometimes, a heavy flow could indicate PCOS (see point above) or fibroids. Fibroids are growths in the uterus wall, made of muscle and tissue. They can bring about heavy and painful periods and may need medical attention. 

    READ MORE:“PMS Symptoms Ruled My Life Till I Started Cycle Syncing”

    Your Periods Are Irregular 

    If your periods are more unreliable than a loadshedding schedule, it could point to several health issues. 

    Some of the earliest noticeable signs of uterine cancer are “irregular bleeding, bleeding after menopause and bleeding in between menses [periods],” says Dr Dweck. Experiencing pain during sex can also be a tip-off. Of course, these can be signs of other, less serious conditions, too – but it’s worth checking with a doctor if you notice these symptoms.

    But, irregular periods are also a very common indication of fibroids. And, if you’re around your mid- to late 40s, it could be a sign of perimenopause. Perimenopause is the period (about eight to 10 years) before your last period, when menopause starts. 

    Your Period Changes Suddenly 

    Any time your period drastically changes (lasts longer or gets shorter, is lighter or heavier or interferes with your quality of life), take note. Since your period is so driven by hormones and your thyroid plays such a large role in hormone production and regulation, noticeable changes to your period – like a lighter or heavier flow – could be an indication of thyroid issues, says Dr Dweck. Thyroid tests can tell you if that may be behind your irregular flow.

    READ MORE:Painful Periods? PCOS? Meet The Hormone-Balancing Supps

    Your Period = Seriously Awful Moods 

    Around 90% of women say they get premenstrual symptoms like headaches, mood swings and bloating. But! If your PMS feels severe and gets in the way of your everyday activities, making it hard for you to work or be at school, it’s a warning sign. PMDD, or premenstrual dysphoric disorder, is a condition that occurs before your period by comes with severe irritability, depression or anxiety. It also comes with tiredness, trouble sleeping or a feeling of being out of control. If this sounds familiar, check in with your doc – you may need treatment. 

    Super Painful Periods 

    Breaking news: periods are not meant to be painful. Uncomfortable? Sure. But excruciating, causing you to be bed-bound? Not normal. Painful periods could point to several conditions, including endometriosis or fibroids. See your doc. 

    You’ve Got Blood Clots 

    Blood clots can be normal, especially among people with heavier periods. However, the size matters: small (around pea-size) ones are ok, but large clots could indicate a problem, according to Mayo Clinic. Anything bigger than a grape requires medical care, per the Clinic. If accompanied by heavier than normal periods (soaking a tampon or pad every hour), it could be a sign of fibroids, a hormonal imbalance or miscarriage. Go see a doc. 

    READ MORE: 6 Things Neurologists Would Never Do If They Wanted To Protect Their Brain Health

    This article was originally written by Jill Kramer but has been edited for additional information.  More

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      Banana Muffins That Ease PMS And Cramping – True Story!

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      Banana muffins aren’t exactly at the top of foods that you crave when PMS has you in a chokehold, right? While a slab of chocolate may seem like your only trusted bestie during that period, try pairing it with this recipe. Here’s the science behind our suggestion: bananas provide cramp-busting potassium and vitamin B6, a hormone regulator that may help reduce water retention, depression and other PMS-related symptoms. Yoghurt, on the other hand, brings calcium and vitamin D to the mix: a dynamic duo that has been shown to slash PMS symptoms by up to 40 percent. Walnuts deliver magnesium – which may reduce irritability and stabilise blood sugar levels – which in turn can help control those PMS-fuelled “I want to eat everything” urges.READ MORE: This Super Sexy Smoothie Will Get You All Revved Up!

      Banana, Yoghurt And Walnut Muffins

      A dynamic combo of ingredients that regulates your PMS-fuelled cravings and cramps.

      Course Breakfast, DessertCuisine English

      Servings 12

      ¼ cup Oatmeal½ cup Rice flour¼ cup Ground flaxseed1 tsp Baking powder1 tsp Bicarbonate of soda2 Eggs, beaten¼ cup Plain yoghurt3 medium Ripe bananas, mashed½ cup Honey ⅓ cup Grapeseed oil¼ cup Walnut pieces
      Preheat oven to 190°C.In a large bowl, whisk together oatmeal, flour, flaxseed, baking powder and bicarbonate of soda.In a separate bowl, combine the eggs, yoghurt, bananas, honey and oil. Add flour mixture and fold in the walnuts.Spoon the batter into paper-lined muffin trays. Bake for 20 to 22 minutes or until the tops spring back when lightly touched. Cool on a wire rack.

      Per 83g muffin: 921kJ, 10g fat (1g sat), 160mg sodium, 31g carbs, 3g fibre, 16g sugars, 4g protein

      Keyword Muffins

      READ MORE: PCOS Diet Plan: The Best Foods To Eat (And Limit) When You Have PCOS, According To Experts More

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      “PMS Symptoms Ruled My Life Till I Started Cycle Syncing”

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      For most of her life, 33-year-old Daniella Corder from Cape Town was plagued with severe symptoms of PMS. That is, of course, until she heard about cycle syncing. This is her success story.How It Began“Up until my late 20s, I knew absolutely nothing about my menstrual cycle,” explains Daniella. “I just assumed that the painful cramps, sore breasts, hormonal acne and cravings were an inevitable thing to endure each month.”“For many years I struggled with severe hormonal acne and as a result, I went on countless courses of antibiotics, lotions and potions to try and fix my skin – but nothing worked.”READ MORE: Cycle Syncing – How (And Why!) To Tweak Your Workouts, Diet And More Around Your Menstrual Cycle“During this point in my life, my approach to health and fitness was terribly warped as I was fixated on doing intense HIIT classes five to six times a week and restricting what I ate. It even got so bad that I lost my period at one point.” “I just assumed that the painful cramps, sore breasts, hormonal acne and cravings were an inevitable thing to endure each month.”The Change“One day, my sister sent me a podcast about ‘eating and training according to your menstrual cycle’,” Daniella recalls. “The more I learnt about PMS, the more I came to understand that even though PMS is common, it’s not normal at all.”“Through the knowledge that I have acquired over the years, I have tailored my training, eating and lifestyle according to my unique menstrual cycle and hormonal fluctuations,” she says. Most of us know this as the wellness practice called ‘cycle syncing‘.READ MORE: These Unusual PMS Symptom Treatments Actually Work – Minus PainkillersWhat Is Cycle Syncing?Knowledge boost: Cycle syncing is the idea of matching how you eat, work, exercise and recover to the stages of your menstrual cycle. The Result“Now, my skin has cleared up, I get better results in the gym; I sleep better and have more energy. My cramps have gone from an eight to a two,” Daniella explains.“I became a certified menstrual cycle health and fitness coach and [create] all of my fitness programmes around the menstrual cycle.”READ MORE: Painful Periods? PCOS? Meet The Hormone-Balancing Supps“When we start living in alignment with our hormones, not only do we feel more empowered and have more compassion for ourselves, we also have a greater understanding of ourselves and achieve long-lasting results.” How To Start Cycle Syncing?If you want to give cycle syncing a try, we created a step-by-step guide for everything you need to know right here. More

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      “I Ignored My Symptoms For 10 Years. It Turned Out To Be This Life-Altering Condition.”

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      For over a decade, 29-year-old Lizé Coetzer from Cape Town ignored the things that were happening in her body. Then she found out they were severe endometriosis symptoms. This is her story. What Is Endometriosis? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), endometriosis is a disease in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus. This can cause severe pain in the pelvis and also make it harder to get pregnant. Up to 30% of women with endometriosis struggle to get pregnant, according to the American Society of Reproductive Medicine,“Endometriosis is a whole-body disease; endometrial tissue can grow almost anywhere in the body, but mostly effects the pelvic region,” explains Lizé.READ MORE: Everything You Need To Know About EndometriosisWhen Does Endometriosis Start?Endometriosis can start at a person’s first menstrual period and last until menopause. It affects women and girls of reproductive age, mostly between the ages of 15 and 49. And according to WHO, roughly 10% (190 million) of reproductive age women and girls globally are affected by endometriosis.What Are Some Common Endometriosis Symptoms?Painful periods

      Cramps

      Gastrointestinal or bladder issues

      Pain during or after sex 

      Backache

      Fertility issuesREAD MORE: The Best Sex Toys For Those With EndometriosisHow It Began For Lizé“For over 10 years, I’ve normalised symptoms that I now know are due to severe endometriosis. It’s a chronic condition that affects millions of women, yet remains shrouded in silence and misunderstanding,” says Lizé.“Together, we can push for better understanding, better treatments and ultimately, better lives for everyone affected by endometriosis.”How Lizé Lives With Endometriosis“Living with endometriosis has been incredibly challenging. The pain, the fatigue and the emotional toll – it’s all real and it’s all too often dismissed,” she says.READ MORE: Painful Periods? PCOS? Meet The Hormone-Balancing SuppsHow Do I Alleviate My Endometriosis Symptoms?“I use a massage gun, heated pads and warm baths to help me cope. I also had to adjust my wardrobe because inflammation causes significant bloating in my stomach. That means looser clothes and t-shirts or ‘bloat-friendly pants’, as I like to call them,” Lizé says. Theragun Relief

      This comfortable, light and easy-to-use device uses scientifically-proven percussive massage therapy to provide fast and effective relief from daily aches, pains, tension, and stiffness. 

      Therabody RecoveryTherm Cube

      Say goodbye to messy, melting ice bags and scalding heating pads! This compact, wearable, portable device delivers instant cold, hot and contrast therapies whenever you need relief.

      Beurer Period Pain Relief

      Offering natural, medication-free relief from menstrual and endometriosis pain, it combines 15 transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation intensity levels and heat therapy.

      What Is The State Of Endometriosis Care In South Africa?“I wish medical specialists had more training for endo. In my experience, most gynaecologists have no idea what endometriosis is. There are only very specific specialists who are able to diagnose and treat endometriosis. Their availability and the medical costs involved mean their services are not attainable for many people,” Lizé expresses.READ MORE: Why It’s Important To Talk About Your Periods + How To Do ItHow Can We Improve Endometriosis Care In South Africa?“We should begin prioritising women’s health and shouldn’t normalise painful periods. Endometriosis is responsible for over 30 percent of all cases of infertility among women and yet it receives little funding for research and treatments,” remarks Lizé. “Governments and medical institutions should invest more in research and support for those living with endometriosis.”“I also believe that awareness and community support are crucial. We need to speak up!”“If you’re experiencing similar symptoms, please don’t ignore them. Seek medical advice, find a supportive community and know that you’re not alone. Let’s advocate for ourselves and each other,” advises Lizé.“Together, we can push for better understanding, better treatments and ultimately, better lives for everyone affected by endometriosis.” Women’s Health participates in various affiliate marketing programmes, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. More

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      Why It’s Important To Talk About Your Periods + How To Do It

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      For many – if not most – people with ovaries, the first period is unexpected, painful and secretive. Without anything being said, we are silently taught to not talk about periods, despite it being a natural part of the menstrual cycle. But sweeping the issue under the rug can have negative impacts. “As sociological studies demonstrate, menstrual stigma is rooted in ideologies that construct menstruating women as leaking, unhygienic and irrational. Such discourses are indicative of a societal imperative to ensure that menstrual blood remains concealed,” explains one study in Social Semiotics. No longer, we say! So, read on – and take this as your cue to talk about your periods more.Talking about your periods is effectiveOne brand pushing to take periods out of its shame era is Kotex, which partnered with experts, thought leaders, South Africa’s Department of Basic Education, and some of the country’s most popular influencers to spread a message of hope and empowerment around the menstrual cycle. This formed part of their contribution to 2024 Women’s Month. As part of their campaign, they visited schools to educate young people about periods, dispelling myths, addressing period stigmas and sharing practical tips.It’s deeply necessary in a country where 43% of people with periods admitted to experiencing stigmatization and shame attached to menstruation, which is more prevalent among those aged 18 and younger, according to Kotex’s latest survey. In an effort to break the stigma and bring menstrual issues to the fore, more and more influencers are jumping on board to share their insights. On TikTok, the tag #periods has over 100 000 posts, with hundreds of relating tags, from #periodstories to #periodhacks. It’s encouraging to see the conversation, especially with the knowledge that over half of Gen Z use TikTok and Instagram to search for answers to a question – instead of consulting Google.“Efforts like these [to talk about periods] are crucial to the ongoing encouragement and support of young girls and women to be the best versions of themselves, no matter what time of the month it is,” asserts medical professional and health advocate Dr Nosipho Danielle Mhlanga.READ MORE: Got Two Periods In One Month? These Are All Of The Possible Reasons WhySpeaking more ushers in changeAnother way it’s effective is that it can create real change. For example, in 2018, armed with the knowledge that many people with periods in South Africa struggle to afford sanitary products, Kotex and its industry peers took to lobbying government to remove the VAT charge for sanitary pads. It worked: sanitary pads have since been declared zero-rated or VAT-exempt.Similarly, we need talks like this to grow even further so that more research is put into menstruation that can help those who have a cycle. Case in point: only this year did a study confirm that period products’ absorbency claims are misleading since the products are tested with salt water – not actual blood.The implications of the study results are far more wide-reaching than buying the incorrect tampons: per researchers, it means that doctors may be underdiagnosing heavy menstrual bleeding, a factor that signals larger health conditions.Simply put, the more we discuss our experiences – good or bad – the more we are able to ask for change. Here, experts dish how to broach the subject when it feels awkward.Expert tips to help talk about periodsAs a mother, normalise the conversationHaving your first period can be a daunting, confusing experience. By reassuring your child, they can start to feel comfortable with their evolving body. “Emphasize that menstruation is something that happens to all women and is a sign of a healthy body,” says Dr Esther Rockson, an OB/GYN based in Midrand. “You could say, ‘Periods are a normal part of being a woman. It’s just your body working as it should.’”And, says Naznin Bhom, pharmacist academic intern at Zoie Health, steer clear of euphemisms or negative connotations. Avoid phrases that carry an implication of shame, such as ‘a dirty secret’ or ‘that time of the month’,” she says. “Instead, frame menstruation as a sign of maturity and an important aspect of health. By encouraging open dialogue and providing reassurance, you can help girls feel empowered rather than embarrassed. After all, periods are a natural part of life, and there is absolutely nothing to be ashamed of.”Lastly, encourage questions, says Dr Rockson. “Let her know that she can ask you anything and that there’s no such thing as a silly question. This openness helps remove any sense of embarrassment,” she adds.READ MORE: These Unusual PMS Symptom Treatments Actually Work – Minus PainkillersHow to talk about periods at workPainful periods or the extreme fatigue that it can often come with make work difficult to complete, much less explain to a superior. Dr Rockson recommends preparing in advance, choosing the right time and setting (like a one-on-one meeting) and keeping things solution-focused. Bhom recommends this line: “‘I sometimes experience painful periods that can affect my focus. I’d appreciate any flexibility during that time.’ This opens up a dialogue and demonstrates your professionalism while prioritising your health,” she adds.  Per Dr Rockson, avoid over-explaining yourself or apologising. “You deserve to take care of your health and being honest about it shouldn’t require excessive apologies,” she says.How to broach the subject with your docTo make things crystal-clear to your doctor that you need help (beyond an offer of contraception), come with a few things in your arsenal. Dr Rockson suggests keeping a “detailed record of your periods, symptoms, and their severity. Note things like the frequency of your periods, pain levels (e.g., cramps, headaches, etc.), flow (light, heavy), and how it affects your daily life (e.g., missing work, inability to exercise). Having this data can make your concerns more concrete,” she says.Next, she recommends asking targeting questions, like “Is it normal to experience this much pain?” or “Could this be a sign of something like endometriosis?”.“Use clear, straightforward language,” says Bhom. “Like, ‘I’ve been experiencing severe cramps and irregular cycles.’ If you feel dismissed or gaslit, don’t hesitate to seek a second opinion. You deserve compassionate and thorough care, and advocating for yourself is key!”Be louder about period stigma everywhere else“To cultivate a culture that doesn’t normalise severe period pain, begin by sharing your experiences honestly and encouraging others to do the same,” says Bhom. “Foster conversations about menstrual health without stigma, promoting the idea that seeking help for period problems is not only acceptable but essential.”For Dr Rockson, part of changing the narrative involves challenging myths and stigmas. “If you hear people downplaying period pain or dismissing the need to see a doctor, gently correct them,” she says. Similarly, if someone brings up their struggle with periods, acknowledge their struggle. Lastly, Dr Rockson says it’s important to support period-friendly work and school policies.  “In workplace or educational settings, support policies that make it easier for people to manage their periods without shame or hardship. This could include things like providing paid sick leave for menstrual pain or ensuring easy access to menstrual products,” she says.READ MORE: 4 Most Common Questions Women Ask About Their Sexual Health More

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      These Unusual PMS Symptom Treatments Actually Work – Minus Painkillers

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      If you’re like most people with ovaries on earth, you have a hate-hate relationship with PMS. Seriously, what’s to like about premenstrual syndrome, with its ugly calling cards: mood swings, bloating, uncontrollable food cravings and irrational crying fits? The worst part? We’ve mostly been taught that PMS symptom treatments start with hot water bottles and chocolate and end with a heavy dose of painkillers. No longer! We’ve scoured the science, and as it turns out, we can do so many things to make those PMS symptoms so much less painful. What are PMS symptoms? All told, the condition describes a collection of more than 150 symptoms that can strike the week before your period due to an imbalance of oestrogen and progesterone levels. Factors such as stress, insufficient sleep and unhealthy eating compound the hormonal plunge, says hormone researcher Lorraine Pintus, author of Jump Off The Hormone Swing. The most common PMS symptoms include:Mood swings

      Feelings of depression or irritation and anxiety

      Tiredness or trouble sleeping or feeling extra fatigued

      Bloating or cramping – or both

      Tender breasts

      Headaches or migraines

      Acne

      Changes in appetiteThe good news? PMS symptom treatments exist that don’t involve a raid of the medicine cabinet. No matter your symptoms, you may be able to find a fix with these alternative therapies.READ MORE: PCOS Diet Plan: The Best Foods To Eat (And Limit) When You Have PCOS, According To ExpertsPMS symptom treatmentsThe right vitamins BEST FOR: mood swings, sore breasts, cramps, headaches, acneIntroducing the new premenstrual superstars: vitamin E and essential fatty acids, according to a study in Reproductive Health. Women who swallowed the two every day for six months saw major PMS improvements, possibly because both nutrients interact with prostaglandin receptors (prostaglandins are the hormones believed to cause fierce cramps). What to look for: A daily multivitamin should supply you with the 15mg of vitamin E you need and you can pop a daily fish oil capsule to get your fatty acids. Vitamin B6, magnesium and calcium – the mineral you get from a diet full of leafy greens, almonds and yoghurt – may help prevent several PMS symptoms, according to Dr Erika Coertzen, a Limpopo-based integrative medical doctor and homoeopath. Aim for about 1 300mg of calcium a day.READ MORE: Your Most Urgent ‘Down There’ Questions Answered By ExpertsAcupunctureBEST FOR: cramps, anxiety, insomnia, headaches, nauseaFinally, a prick you can love. Research shows acupuncture is a brilliant PMS symptom treatment. One study found that acupuncture quelled symptoms in 78 percent of women.Though Western doctors still don’t quite understand how it works, they believe acupuncture may increase circulation and elevate endorphins, which enhance mood and alleviate pain. A 2018 study remarks that it works on a variety of inflammatory markers, which may ease pain. Most women experience PMS relief within 24 hours after a session, so depending on your reaction, you could get treated once a month in the week before your period.Progesterone CreamBEST FOR: mood swings, cramps, anxiety, insomniaBecause researchers believe most premenstrual troubles stem from out-of-balance oestrogen and progesterone levels, many treatments aim to restore that equilibrium (one reason birth control pills are often prescribed for PMS).Using a natural progesterone cream – applied daily to your inner thighs or lower abdomen before your period – can have a similar effect, says integrative and functional medical practitioner Dr Frank Lipman. Although a few forms – such as Solal – are available OTC at pharmacies, you should consult your doctor before using them. WH advisor Dr Tamlyn McKeag recommends a combination of evening primrose oil, vitamins and minerals, or the herbal pill Agnucaston instead.HerbsBEST FOR: mood swings, sore breasts, cramps, bloatingScience suggests the leafy stuff might lighten your PMS load. The chaste tree berry has been the go-to plant for easing women’s gynaecological complaints for more than 2000 years. It may help stimulate and regulate different hormones. Added to that, it can increase natural progesterone in the second half of your cycle, says Coertzen. This may seriously improve your bloating, irritability and achy-boob symptoms. Evening primrose oil, high in the essential fatty acid GLA, is also often used to soothe breast tenderness.Dong quai, liquorice and wild yam may help alleviate migraines, cramps and bloating. And, valerian root and St John’s wort may calm your moods. (Be sure to check with your GP before beginning any regimen.) These hormone-balancing supps, when taken regularly, could work to ease your PMS symptoms, since they contain these herbs:KIKO Vitals Hormone Balance

      This supp, with chaste berry, magnesium and ashwagandha, is used for irregular periods, PMS and even PCOS.

      Zoie Health Cycle Calm

      Carefully constructed by experts, this supplement eases your flow with chase berry, L-Theanine and artemisia herb to regulate periods.

      Vitamin Me PMS Support

      Formulated specifically for PMS, this blend, with St John’s Wort and other herbal extracts, works to alleviate PMS and regulate hormonal function.

      Sweating and stretchingBEST FOR: mood swings, cramps, anxiety, headaches, back painDon’t snigger. Mild forms of exercise can be a potent PMS symptom treatment, says Tegan Burger, owner of Joburg-based Ubuntu Yoga. Working out releases painkilling endorphins and triggers dopamine (the pleasure hormone) and serotonin (a depression and anxiety fighter).Yoga’s breathing exercises also help eliminate moodiness, says Burger, who recommends regular practice (starting twice a week) for long-term benefits. When PMS strikes, try poses like triangle and reclining goddess to open the hips. Do twisting postures like half spinal twist to ease lower back pain. Gland-stimulating poses such as cobra, bow, boat and bridge will also help. Avoid inversions during the heaviest part of your period.READ MORE: Soothe Your PMS Symptoms With This 15-Minute Yoga WorkoutNatural diureticsBEST FOR: bloatingFluid retention, a particularly unsightly PMS signature symptom (“Um, these pants fitted last week!”), builds up as a result of fluctuating hormones. It can make you feel like overstuffed wors. Eastern doctors have believed for centuries that nutrients such as potassium, calcium, magnesium and vitamins B and C act as natural diuretics, relieving big-time bloat.Western docs have recently caught on, advising patients to snack on bananas, fennel, tomatoes, celery, watercress and citrus fruits pre-period. And think twice before you reach for your morning latte or a diet cool drink to get things, um, moving. Research shows that while caffeine might be able to slash fluid retention to potentially bring down bloating, it can also heighten anxiety.DIY massageBEST FOR: cramps, headaches, bloatingSelf-massage can lessen your pre-period woes, as any kind of rubdown increases blood flow and eases muscle and mental tension. Some of the essential oils used in massage also make a difference, including lavender (a muscle relaxer) and geranium (an oestrogen balancer) but it’s important to dilute them before applying to your skin.Use several drops of one type of oil in a handful of massage lotion and start on your right side above your groin, massaging up to your waist in a clockwise motion. “Always massage in a clockwise direction around the abdominal area as digestion takes place from left to right,” says Cape Town massage therapist Lisa Roese, who also recommends massaging your lower back. Do it for five minutes twice a day during peak PMS time.Magnetic therapyBEST FOR: sore breasts, cramps, bloating, acneDoctors have used pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) to relieve depression and chronic pain, and now it seems magnets can also do wonders as a PMS symptom treatment. In a study, women who wore magnetic devices attached to the sides of their underwear two days before and during their periods saw their symptoms improve significantly. In fact, a subsequent survey found that when some women used the magnets for a year or more, they continued to experience pain relief.This story first appeared in WomensHealthmag.com and was written by Stacey Baker. Additional reporting and product recommendations by the Women’s Health SA team. More

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      12 Foods That Will Make Your Period Cramps So Much More Bearable, According To RDs

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      You usually have a general idea of when your period is coming. You may have been tracking it with an app to get to know your monthly cycle better and you know what to expect: bloating, cravings, and menstrual cramps. The pain can range from being mildly uncomfortable to downright debilitating. One way to soothe the ache: foods that help with period cramps.

      Why do some women get period cramps while others don’t? It all comes down to a type of chemical in your body called prostaglandins. This hormone-like substance can trigger the uterine muscles to contract during your period, according to the Mayo Clinic. Higher levels of prostaglandins are associated with more severe cramps.

      That said, multiple factors can affect how much pain your period causes, “including how heavily a woman bleeds, how tight her cervix is, how inflamed her system is, and her perception of pain,” says Wendie Trubow, MD, an ob-gyn.

      The good news is that certain foods can help ease cramps. Okay, they won’t make the discomfort go away directly, but they may have an impact on the body processes and hormones that lead to period cramps.

      Some pro tips on a relatively pain-free period: Avoid processed foods, get enough sleep, manage stress, and take supplements such as methylated B vitamins, which support hormonal balance, says Dr Trubow. To get the most out of these practices, do them over the entire course of the month, not just during your period.

      If you get really bad cramps, you may want to put down that bag of chips or pint of ice cream even when the cravings hit. Here are 12 foods that’ll help you feel better throughout your cycle.

      1) Avocados

      Avocados contain omega-3 fatty acids and magnesium, both of which may help reduce period cramps, says Alli Magier, the founder of Well by Alli. “Omega-3 fatty acids lower inflammation and help prevent excess prostaglandin production,” she explains. Magnesium, known as “nature’s relaxant,” can also help ease smooth muscle and lower the production of prostaglandins.

      2) Chamomile Tea

      Chamomile tea contains anti-inflammatory compounds and can help reduce pain by inhibiting certain enzymes known to cause pain, says Magier.

      Note that chamomile tea works best when you have it before the pain starts (so a few days before your period), according to a 2019 article published in the Journal of Pharmacopuncture.

      3) Cruciferous Vegetables

      Estrogen dominance and poor estrogen detoxification can contribute to endometriosis and dysmenorrhea (a.k.a. painful period cramps), says Morgan Goodstadt, the founder of Good Nutrition. “Broccoli and Brussels sprouts contain antioxidants and nutrients that help the liver detoxify excess estrogen. They are also high-fibre foods, which support estrogen clearance and elimination through the bowels,” she adds.

      Staying regular, which these veggies could help with, is super important for moving excess estrogen out of the body and supporting your gut too.

      4) Fermented Foods

      Fermented foods such as kefir, kimchi, kombucha, pickled vegetables, sauerkraut, and yoghurt contain probiotics that help keep your gut healthy, says Magier, which is important for estrogen balance and period pain. The good bacteria from fermented foods can balance your gut microbiome and regulate estrogen metabolism and elimination.

      In addition, low calcium intake can increase muscle contractions and cramping, so add fermented dairy to your diet for max relief.

      5) Salmon

      Prostaglandins are primarily made from omega-6 fatty acids, which are naturally inflammatory, says Goodstadt. “For optimal health, we want to consume a good ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids,” she says. One way to do that? Consuming lots of omega-3-rich foods like salmon and sardines. (Yum!)

      6) Flaxseeds

      Flaxseeds are one of Goodstadt’s all-time favourite foods for hormone health in general. “Not only are they a great source of fibre and healthy omega-3 fats, but they also contain compounds called lignans, which can bind to and detoxify excess estrogen,” she says.

      7) Ginger

      Ginger can lower the intensity of period cramps and pain, a 2019 study published in the Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science found. It has potent anti-inflammatory properties. It also helps soothe the stomach and reduce nausea, another common PMS symptom. Enjoy it as a spice in a dish or add slices to a steaming mug of tea!

      8) Leafy Green Vegetables

      Spinach and Swiss chard are full of anti-inflammatory compounds, fibre, manganese, and vitamin E, per Magier. “Adequate fibre intake is important for reducing PMS symptoms because it helps keep the gut microbiome healthy and supports normal estrogen metabolism,” she says. Vitamin E can tone down prostaglandin production, and low manganese levels are associated with more severe pain during menstruation.

      9) Almonds, Cashews, And Walnuts

      Nuts are a healthy source of minerals and unsaturated fats, explains Magier. In particular, walnuts are great sources of anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids, which can help lower prostaglandin production and combat period cramps. Almonds and cashews pack a ton of magnesium, which is associated with less period pain.

      10) Peppermint Tea

      Peppermint contains the active ingredient menthol, which has been shown to relieve pain. It can reduce the duration and severity of pain associated with periods, a 2016 study published in the Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research showed.

      11) Pumpkin Seeds

      “Pumpkin seeds are one of my favourite high-magnesium foods, making them excellent for reducing period cramps,” says Goodstadt.

      12) Turmeric

      Turmeric contains a compound called curcumin, which has powerful anti-inflammatory properties and is also a hormone modulator and pain reliever. It has been found to address some of the root causes of period pain, including estrogen dominance and endometriosis, per a 2020 study published in the International Journal of Molecular Medicine. More

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      The Weird Way Your Menstrual Cycle Affects Your Guy’s Hormones

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      We all know how that moodiness around our periods can drive our partners just a bit insane. But your menstrual cycle actually has a biological effect on your partner, too. Yup, per a study, your cycle could boost his testosterone levels. Ah, hormones…

      The study

      Animal studies found that olfactory cues of ovulation (when a biological female releases an egg, awaiting fertilisation by sperm) affected male testosterone levels. Studies conducted by researchers from Florida State University found that the same thing happens to male humans.

      In the studies, women wore t-shirts during different phases of their menstrual cycles. The men in the studies smelled one of the t-shirts worn by a female or unworn t-shirts. Saliva samples were collected before and after smelling the t-shirts s and measured for testosterone levels.

      Men who smelled the t-shirts of ovulating women had higher levels of testosterone than men who smelled a t-shirt worn when the women were not ovulating or a control t-shirt. The scent of t-shirts worn when the women were ovulating was rated as the most pleasing. These olfactory findings brighten the signal that when you’re ovulating, it’s prime time for fun in the sheets.

      But the needle can swing both ways. In another study, researchers measured levels of hormones in heterosexual partners throughout the woman’s menstrual cycle. What they found was surprising: during ovulation, when levels of estradiol are elevated, both partners felt more negatively toward each other than at other times of the cycle. Clearly, your menstrual cycle plays a bigger part in the relationship than you’d think.

      To move closer together, try talking about your feelings to clear the air and make way for a deeper connection and yes, more sex.

      When his testosterone starts to wane…

      With age, men’s testosterone levels do naturally start to decrease. Instead of shoving your nightie under his nose once a month, you could also steer him in the direction of these healthy foods, proven to up his levels: eggs, peanuts, yoghurt, oysters, garlic, oats, avocado, salmon (or other oily fish), fresh fruit and veg, pine nuts, brown rice and liver.

      Add some spice with a sex toy

      We-Vibe Unite Couples Vibrator

      Get that extra deep clitoral stimulation during sex with this remote-controlled toy that you can both enjoy. More

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      7 Reasons Your Period Might Be Late — Other Than Pregnancy

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      On the one hand, you have to deal with cramps, bloating and mood swings. On the other, yay, you’re not pregnant! Suddenly missing your period when babies aren’t on the agenda can be a real freak-out moment, but there are a few other factors that may be to blame. Here, gynae Alyssa Dweck, co-author of V is for Vagina, offers potential reasons you have a late period that have nothing to do with a bouncing bundle of joy.
      Major Weight Loss Or Excessive Exercise
      “This is a reason I see not that infrequently in my office,” says Dweck. “If your BMI rapidly dips below 18 or 19, you may start to miss periods.” This isn’t strictly based on BMI, though. Serious conditions like anorexia and bulimia can cause a missed cycle, but so can training for a marathon or some other major event that requires you to exercise more than usual. “Nature has a way of protecting you from getting pregnant if your body is under such extreme stress. Your body prevents ovulation so you don’t have a lot of oestrogen, don’t build a big uterine lining, and then don’t get a period,” says Dweck.
      READ MORE: “I Swapped My Regular Skincare Routine For A More Natural One — And The Results Were Surprising”
      Stress
      A big scary event in your life can cause hypothalamic amenorrhea. “This particular area of the brain, the hypothalamus, is where a lot of the hormones for your cycle are regulated,” says Dweck. “The hypothalamus is very affected by stress.” So if you’re dealing with a big move, death in the family, huge breakup, or any other life event that’s shaking you up, it could be the cause of your late period or missed period.
      READ MORE: Are you experiencing a ‘friendship recession?’
      A Thyroid Irregularity
      The thyroid gland, located in your neck, regulates your metabolism. It also interacts with many other systems in your body to keep things running smoothly. “If you’re dealing with any type of thyroid imbalance, whether it’s hypo- or hyperthyroidism, that can have implications for your period,” says Dweck. If you notice other symptoms of a thyroid disorder, check in with your doctor for an official diagnosis.
      READ MORE: How To Tell The Difference Between Period Blood And Spotting
      Polycystic Ovary Symptom
      PCOS is a hormone imbalance that comes down to a lack of ovulation, so you have altered levels of oestrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. “We’re seeing a lot more of this, although there are varying degrees. It can cause you to completely miss your period or just not menstruate regularly,” says Dweck. Other PCOS symptoms include hair growth in places like the face and chest, difficulty losing weight, and potential fertility issues. Your doctor can help you come up with a treatment plan to manage the condition.
      READ MORE: Exactly How To Train Like Kim Engelbrecht
      Chronic Diseases Like Coeliac
      “I know coeliac disease is on everyone’s mind right now,” says Dweck, referring to the disease that’s characterised by gluten intolerance. “Any chronic disease that’s left untreated or undiagnosed is a stressor to your general system and can result in missed periods.”
      READ MORE: Vaginal Infections 101 — What You Need To Know About That Itch
      Your Birth Control
      A missed period or late period can actually be a harmless byproduct of the measures you take to avoid pregnancy. “Some low-dose pills will cause a lack of menses that isn’t dangerous and is many times a welcome side effect,” says Dweck. The same goes for methods like hormonal IUDs, implants, or shots. It can also take some time for your period to come back if you’ve stopped birth control, but it will usually resume without issue in a few months.
      READ MORE: “I Tried Masturbating To Cure My Hangover — This Is What Happened”
      Premature Menopause
      When women under 40 have hormones misfiring in a significant way, they can go through premature menopause, also known as premature ovarian failure. Along with a missed period, signs of it include hot flashes, night sweats and vaginal dryness. “This isn’t very common, so you shouldn’t immediately worry about it,” says Dweck. If your gyno rules out the many other potential causes and thinks this may be the culprit, she’ll clue you in. More