More stories

  • in

    Everything to know about the future of IVF treatments

    Life

    by Sarah Joseph
    43 mins ago

    IVF specialist, Dr. Mari Mitrani shares how technology is making an impact.
    Talk us through your background.
    I’m a physician scientist with extensive expertise in biological medicine and regenerative approaches to help improve my patients’ quality of life. I am currently the Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Gattaca Genomics, the most advanced and complete preimplantation genetic testing available for embryos. Previously, I Co-founded Organicell Regenerative Medicine, as well as the American Stem Cell & Anti-Aging Center, a pioneer in Autologous Stem Cell therapy center in South America. I had been recognised as one of the ‘Top 100 Healthcare Leaders’ by IFAH for the COVID-19 therapeutic work, and most recently recognized for “Scientific Excellence” by the Academia Mundial de Terapia Neural Huneke for my contribution to science.
    Can you expand on what IVF is?
    Couples that are navigating through the fertility process through IVF (in vitro fertilization) have an option now to test the genetic count of those fertilised embryos. Just a few cells are taken from the embryo and sent to our state-of-the-art laboratory to analyse the gene components of those cells through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). A final report is sent to the patients IVF doctor and the Genetic Counselor as well.
    Are there any specific advancements and techniques that have improved success rates?
    The IVF world has been advancing every year, thanks to hormone therapy to mature multiple eggs, quality/quantity control, embryo monitoring after fertilisation can now be done in a separate environment like a time-lapse embryo imaging system which allows the embryos to be kept in a control environment without disturbing them while the Embryologist receives high-definition images multiple times a day. Genetic testing for these embryos that are ready for implantation has also advanced to allow the experts have more in-depth information about the genetic component and therefore allow the reproductive physician to decide which embryos to implant first. Furthermore, breakthroughs in cryopreservation techniques, like vitrification, have enhanced the preservation and storage of embryos and eggs, offering greater flexibility and success rates for patients.
    In your opinion, what are some of the most exciting developments or future possibilities in the IVF space.
    In my field, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) techniques, such as PGT-A for aneuploidy screening and PGT-M for single gene disorders, has enabled more detailed information for embryo selection. This year, we are launching the next frontier of genetic analysis as we will be able to offer Whole Genome Sequencing, which will allow us to understand in-depth into the embryo’s genetic health. This will be very valuable for identifying many more risks of disease.

    “Breakthroughs in cryopreservation techniques, like vitrification offer greater flexibility and success rates for patients.”

    As an advocate for fertility preservation, what options are available for individuals or couples who wish to preserve their fertility for the future?
    We have clear statistical data referring to maternal age and how it impacts the production of healthy eggs. Understanding that fertility and infertility is so multi-factorial, the one thing we really know is how to act in this specific characteristic. Now we know that after 35 years, women’s egg quality starts deteriorating rapidly year by year, and as a woman who cheers on other women to always pursue their dreams, I would say to always keep this cut-off time in the back of your mind. The possibility of freezing healthy eggs or embryos has a better impact for the future when couples are ready to start their family. Unfortunately, many couples or females wait after this age to start their fertility journey and the doctors and science can only do so much. This is the one thing I would love to keep educating women all over the world about, your chances and decision of having a family in the future is possible if you act early on.

    Dr. Mari Mitrani
    Can you share any ongoing research or innovative techniques that you are currently involved in or excited about in the field of fertility treatment?
    Gattaca Whole Genome Sequencing is an embryonic genetic screening which will allow us to understand more in dept the embryos genetic health, this will be valuable for identifying disease risks and therefore a future medical treatment or intervention, if needed. Given the diverse background of our staff, we are utilising artificial intelligence to further analyse and interpret data obtained through genetic testing and further dive on the morphology from time-lapse embryo machines.
    Are more residents opting for IVF treatments in the Middle East?
    An executive insight report by L.E.K. Consulting shows that the UAE has the highest infertility rates in APAC (Asia-Pacific) and the Middle East, mainly caused by the high prevalence of diabetes (19 percent as compared to 7percent in the U.K. and 11 percent in the U.S.) and vitamin D deficiency (70 percent as compared to 20 percent in the U.K. and 42percent in the U.S.).
    What is Genetic Screening and how has this impacted the future of IVF?
    ll be opting for IVF treatments to further their chances according to the data that has already been recorded. Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a genetic screening done in fertilized embryos before they are selected for implantation. PGT is advancing and innovating the fertility space, due to its added value on reporting Aneuploidy, which is the abnormal count of genes present in the embryo which explain a higher rate of miscarriages. NGS is allowing us to read valuable characteristics of embryotic genetic in which we are able to predict and or diagnose genetic disorders and diseases beforehand.
    This is ‘The Tech Issue’ – how has technology improved your daily life?
    I think 2024 is a great year for Tech. I’m able to open my car, garage door, pay for my groceries and more just from my phone! Who would’ve thought that this was possible? I can be in a conference call as I drive my electric car to pick up my daughter from her practice. I’m maximizing my productivity as an entrepreneur and excelling at motherhood, keeping track of my daily tasks and with new apps I can ensure I know in which part of my monthly cycle I am on. Last year, we saw women at the pinnacle of their careers and advancing the field in music, films, science, and aerospace, thanks to technology I have no doubt we will keep excelling this year.
    – For more on luxury lifestyle, news, fashion and beauty follow Emirates Woman on Facebook and Instagram
    Images: Supplied & Feature Image: Instagram @hrushachemyan  More

  • in

    Everything to know about IVF treatments and the future of fertility

    Lifeby Sarah Joseph1 hour ago IVF specialist, Dr. Mari Mitrani shares how technology is making an impact.Talk us through your background.I’m a physician scientist with extensive expertise in biological medicine and regenerative approaches to help improve my patients’ quality of life. I am currently the Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Gattaca Genomics, the most advanced and complete preimplantation genetic testing available for embryos. Previously, I Co-founded Organicell Regenerative Medicine, as well as the American Stem Cell & Anti-Aging Center, a pioneer in Autologous Stem Cell therapy center in South America. I had been recognised as one of the ‘Top 100 Healthcare Leaders’ by IFAH for the COVID-19 therapeutic work, and most recently recognized for “Scientific Excellence” by the Academia Mundial de Terapia Neural Huneke for my contribution to science.Can you expand on what IVF is?Couples that are navigating through the fertility process through IVF (in vitro fertilization) have an option now to test the genetic count of those fertilised embryos. Just a few cells are taken from the embryo and sent to our state-of-the-art laboratory to analyse the gene components of those cells through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). A final report is sent to the patients IVF doctor and the Genetic Counselor as well.Are there any specific advancements and techniques that have improved success rates?The IVF world has been advancing every year, thanks to hormone therapy to mature multiple eggs, quality/quantity control, embryo monitoring after fertilisation can now be done in a separate environment like a time-lapse embryo imaging system which allows the embryos to be kept in a control environment without disturbing them while the Embryologist receives high-definition images multiple times a day. Genetic testing for these embryos that are ready for implantation has also advanced to allow the experts have more in-depth information about the genetic component and therefore allow the reproductive physician to decide which embryos to implant first. Furthermore, breakthroughs in cryopreservation techniques, like vitrification, have enhanced the preservation and storage of embryos and eggs, offering greater flexibility and success rates for patients.In your opinion, what are some of the most exciting developments or future possibilities in the IVF space.In my field, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) techniques, such as PGT-A for aneuploidy screening and PGT-M for single gene disorders, has enabled more detailed information for embryo selection. This year, we are launching the next frontier of genetic analysis as we will be able to offer Whole Genome Sequencing, which will allow us to understand in-depth into the embryo’s genetic health. This will be very valuable for identifying many more risks of disease.“Breakthroughs in cryopreservation techniques, like vitrification offer greater flexibility and success rates for patients.”As an advocate for fertility preservation, what options are available for individuals or couples who wish to preserve their fertility for the future?We have clear statistical data referring to maternal age and how it impacts the production of healthy eggs. Understanding that fertility and infertility is so multi-factorial, the one thing we really know is how to act in this specific characteristic. Now we know that after 35 years, women’s egg quality starts deteriorating rapidly year by year, and as a woman who cheers on other women to always pursue their dreams, I would say to always keep this cut-off time in the back of your mind. The possibility of freezing healthy eggs or embryos has a better impact for the future when couples are ready to start their family. Unfortunately, many couples or females wait after this age to start their fertility journey and the doctors and science can only do so much. This is the one thing I would love to keep educating women all over the world about, your chances and decision of having a family in the future is possible if you act early on.Dr. Mari MitraniCan you share any ongoing research or innovative techniques that you are currently involved in or excited about in the field of fertility treatment?Gattaca Whole Genome Sequencing is an embryonic genetic screening which will allow us to understand more in dept the embryos genetic health, this will be valuable for identifying disease risks and therefore a future medical treatment or intervention, if needed. Given the diverse background of our staff, we are utilising artificial intelligence to further analyse and interpret data obtained through genetic testing and further dive on the morphology from time-lapse embryo machines.Are more residents opting for IVF treatments in the Middle East?An executive insight report by L.E.K. Consulting shows that the UAE has the highest infertility rates in APAC (Asia-Pacific) and the Middle East, mainly caused by the high prevalence of diabetes (19 percent as compared to 7percent in the U.K. and 11 percent in the U.S.) and vitamin D deficiency (70 percent as compared to 20 percent in the U.K. and 42percent in the U.S.).What is Genetic Screening and how has this impacted the future of IVF?ll be opting for IVF treatments to further their chances according to the data that has already been recorded.Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a genetic screening done in fertilized embryos before they are selected for implantation. PGT is advancing and innovating the fertility space, due to its added value on reporting Aneuploidy, which is the abnormal count of genes present in the embryo which explain a higher rate of miscarriages. NGS is allowing us to read valuable characteristics of embryotic genetic in which we are able to predict and or diagnose genetic disorders and diseases beforehand.This is ‘The Tech Issue’ – how has technology improved your daily life?I think 2024 is a great year for Tech. I’m able to open my car, garage door, pay for my groceries and more just from my phone! Who would’ve thought that this was possible? I can be in a conference call as I drive my electric car to pick up my daughter from her practice. I’m maximizing my productivity as an entrepreneur and excelling at motherhood, keeping track of my daily tasks and with new apps I can ensure I know in which part of my monthly cycle I am on. Last year, we saw women at the pinnacle of their careers and advancing the field in music, films, science, and aerospace, thanks to technology I have no doubt we will keep excelling this year.February’s – The Tech Issue with Christiana Maxion  – Download Now– For more on luxury lifestyle, news, fashion and beauty follow Emirates Woman on Facebook and InstagramImages: Supplied & Feature Image: Instagram @chrissyteigen More

  • in

    Is IVF for you? This expert shares all you need to know about reproductive health

    With a sharp rise in IVF (In vitro fertilization), women have entered a new age of awareness with regards to their fertility, as it has cracked open a host of possibilities.From women-centric business ventures to online communities, it all focuses on empowering women with knowledge and gain a deeper understanding of their reproductive realities.As the society’s approach towards the issues around fertility is changing, so is the science around it.Here, we scratch beyond the surface on the subject of IVF and reproductive health with medical practitioner Dr. Mari Mitrani, Chief Scientific Officer at Gattaca Genomics.Dr. Mari Mitrani, Chief Scientific Officer at Gattaca GenomicsTalk us through the IVF process – what can one expect?The IVF process typically begins with a period of ovarian stimulation, during which a woman receives hormonal medications to encourage the development of multiple mature eggs. These eggs are then retrieved through a minimally invasive surgical procedure. Meanwhile, sperm, from a partner or donor, is collected and prepared. In the laboratory, the retrieved eggs and sperm are combined to facilitate fertilization, forming embryos. Over the next few days, the embryologist monitors the embryos’ development, assessing their quality. Selected healthy embryos are then transferred into the woman’s uterus, with any remaining viable embryos being cryopreserved for potential future use. The entire IVF journey requires careful monitoring, precise timing, and the expertise of fertility specialists.The IVF process can have a heavy toll on the mind and body, it is often noted that infertility is considered multifactorial with respect to all the advancements in medicine and science, even now, there is still no guarantee that a successful pregnancy will and can occur for individuals seeking to conceive.Let’s talk about your work process. How do you start in helping your clients with their fertility concerns?As a physician-scientist in the field of infertility, I’m running a lab that offers Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT). PGT is a genetic screening done in fertilized embryos before they are selected for implantation. PGT is advancing and innovating the fertility space due to its added value in reporting Aneuploidy, which is the abnormal count of genes present in the embryo that explains a higher rate of miscarriages. Next-generation sequencing allows us to read valuable characteristics of embryonic genetics to predict and/or diagnose genetic disorders and diseases beforehand. Ultimately, we are utilizing artificial intelligence to further analyze and interpret data obtained through genetic testing.“your chances of having a family in the future are possible if you act sooner, rather than later.”When is the right time to consider it?We have precise statistical data referring to maternal age and how it impacts the production of healthy eggs. Although fertility and infertility is so multifactorial, the one thing we know is how to act on this specific characteristic. We know that after the age of 35, women’s egg quality starts deteriorating rapidly year by year. This has a significant impact on embryo quality and genetic abnormalities. As a woman who continuously cheers on other women to pursue their dreams, I would say always keep this cut-off time in your mind. Freezing healthy eggs or embryos early on, helps preserve the ability of couples and individuals to have a family later on. Unfortunately, many couples and individuals wait until after this age to begin their fertility journey, with much time working against those seeking treatment. Doctors, in conjunction with science, can only do so much to aid this process. This is one thing I would love to keep educating women worldwide on: your chances of having a family in the future are possible if you act sooner, rather than later.What are the benefits and risks that come along with it?There are risks in everything we do in the IVF field, but because so many of the advancements are around technology and data, the risks of physical harm are low. While the benefits of this technology haven’t fully been realized, the mass amount of data will yield improvements on multiple fronts, from higher pregnancy rates to lower error rates. Even though this field of medicine is relatively new, the advancements and fertility benefits keep growing yearly!The risk is very clear and not often spoken about, IVF will not achieve pregnancy in 100% of the cases, so it is important to know that your desired pregnancy might not happen after a cycle or cycles of IVF. Know that neither the medical or scientific community will give up to continue to advance innovation and therefore success rates.What are the newest advancements and approaches that support fertility chances available in the region?Advanced embryo selection tools like PGT and AI have added an extra layer of confidence when choosing the best embryo for transfer. Improvements in vitrification, embryo freezing, media, and techniques have allowed for improved survival of human eggs. This is a game changer for patients preserving their fertility before undergoing treatment for diseases like sickle cell and cancer. Time-lapse imaging has allowed us to collect and analyze data from every stage of development without disrupting embryo culture. More and more practices are prioritizing personalized care by tailoring treatment plans to their patient’s specific needs.How do you choose the perfect clinic for couples deciding to try IVF?Like any other specialty, the most important thing is to ensure that you and your doctor connect, on a professional and somewhat on a personal level. During this journey that many call long and complex, it is important for the couples to feel safe around the doctor, bold enough to ask questions or bring up concerns or even feel heard. Understanding one another plays a vital role in hopes of achieving the ultimate outcome of a successful pregnancy.Another major factor to consider is the physicians’ qualifications; in the US, there is a subspecialty of Gynecology that only deals with fertility called REI (Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility). These physicians have dedicated their careers only to helping couples in their fertility journey and have very high standards of care focused on the complex hormonal cycles and mechanics of conception with advanced knowledge of sperm, eggs, male anatomy, female anatomy, and scientific research.How does proper diet and lifestyle play into the entire IVF process?Dr. Natalie Crawford, a double board certified ObGyn/REI doctor, says: “A healthy diet that is good for your body is the best diet for your eggs and reproductive system!” A diet high in whole foods, rich in dark leafy greens, lots of fruits and veggies, nuts, seeds, and whole grains is scientifically proven to boost our overall health, including your fertility. While no one has a perfect diet all the time, the goal is to remain consistent and make healthy improvements as much as you can. Toxins also play a big role in the IVF process. Smoking, scented products and the chemicals in our household items can have a significant negative impact on your egg and sperm health. Reducing unhealthy habits like smoking, vaping, and cutting back on the amount of toxins in your household can improve your chances of having a successful IVF cycle. Regular exercise, has proven scientifically to increase your chances of fertility, and the interesting data comes not only from cardio training but from strength training, so ladies, it’s time to lift some weights!“We are usually looking for the latest trends and crazy expensive solutions, but it is the simple, logical changes that give us the most significant results.”Which food types should we incorporate to boost fertility naturally?Nothing will miraculously ensure a boost in fertility in a way that will guarantee pregnancy. If somebody is offering you this, please run as fast as possible! Infertility is multifactorial, and there is no such thing as a magic pill or “one size fits all” kind of strategy. You need to ensure you have the best doctor, healthcare providers and lab team in your corner to excel in your journey.We are usually looking for the latest trends and crazy expensive solutions, but it is the simple, logical changes that give us the most significant results. I propose something: what if you just start adding more “fruits” and “veggies” into your diet? Plant-based Omega-3’s are so essential to your diet, think walnuts, chia seeds, flax seeds or brussel sproust. They have proven to increase the time to pregnancy, improve ovulation and overall fertility outcomes. Even though fish has Omega 3’s, we want to avoid heavy metal consumption. Complex carbohydrates (brown rice, quinoa, amaranth, oats, etc) are the right choice, not your enemies! Carbs are not the problem; you need them! Refined carbohydrates like white sugar, white rice, white pasta, and white flour are the ones you have to limit; they have been shown to lower the chances of getting pregnant. High insulin levels impact normal hormonal function in the ovaries and, therefore, egg quality and chromosomal abnormalities. Higher sugar and insulin levels early in pregnancy have been associated with miscarriages however it is crucial to note that research in this area is ongoing. Vitamin D3 has been shown to increase reproductive outcomes, live rate births, and improve egg and sperm quality.And the ones to avoid that adversely affect fertility?In IVF studies, patients with a higher intake of plants and a lower intake of red meat had better embryo development. Red meat has a high glycation end product (GES). These are endocrine disrupting chemicals, which have been shown to be detrimental to egg quality. The more you eat red meat, the worst your reproductive parameters will be.Two large cohort prospective studies have also shown a negative reproductive association with more dairy consumption, as it lowers reproductive outcomes. The suggestion is to limit or lower their intake of meat and dairy and increase consumption of a whole food plant based diet.“In essence, a partner’s presence and active participation can provide practical assistance and invaluable emotional support during the IVF journey.”How important is it to involve your partners in the IVF process?The involvement of a partner in the IVF process is of profound importance, both emotionally and medically. While infertility is often thought of as only a woman’s issue, male factor infertility can contribute up to 40-50% of all cases of infertility. It is crucial to not only have a woman’s fertility tested, but the male partner as well. IVF is a journey that requires not only medical support but emotional and psychological support. Having a partner by one’s side provides crucial emotional reassurance, as it can be a challenging and emotionally taxing experience. Partners can offer empathy, comfort, and a sense of shared responsibility throughout the process, strengthening their emotional bond. Moreover, partners often participate in decisions related to IVF treatment, including choosing treatment options, attending medical appointments, and providing valuable input during the decision-making process. Their active involvement fosters a sense of unity and teamwork, which can be empowering and comforting during the sometimes unpredictable and uncertain path of fertility treatments like IVF. In essence, a partner’s presence and active participation can provide practical assistance and invaluable emotional support during the IVF journey.– For more on luxury lifestyle, news, fashion and beauty follow Emirates Woman on Facebook and InstagramImages: Pexels; Supplied More

  • in

    At-Home Test Kits: From Ovulation To STDs, Here’s How To Get Results At Home

    Ah, technology. We’ve come a super long way from sitting in stirrups for test results to now, where we can simply buy an at-home test kit to know our status. From finding your fertile window to knowing your STD status, these at-home test kits are well worth the purchase, especially when you’re feeling uncertain and don’t want to sit in a queue at the clinic.

    Zoie HPV Self-Test Kit

    HPV remains one of the biggest risks to women’s overall health since it’s a major precursor of cervical cancer. South Africa has really high rates of cervical cancer. Since testing can be tedious, get results at home without visiting the clinic.

    VIVOO V3 Advanced Urine Test

    Think of this as your all-in-one health test kit. It’ll measure your levels of Magnesium, water, vitamin C, calcium, pH levels (alkaline diet, anyone?), ketone, protein, oxidative stress and sodium. There’s also an app tie-in so you can make sense of the numbers and what it means for your body, right now.

    Easy@Home Ovulation Test Strips

    This test identifies your fertile window with a whopping six days of opportunity with 99% accuracy. A complementary app lets you compare all your test results, with interactive graphs that lets you track your menstrual cycle.

    Clearblue Digital Ovulation Test

    This test identifies your two most fertile days – and it works. The digital test gives you a cute smiley face when it’s ovulating. Plus, it gets to work in just five seconds.

    DNX Medical UTI-AID Test Strips

    With accurate results in just 60 seconds, this is the same kind of kit used by doctors. Use the colour chart provided to see how your urine holds up.

    Exacto Vaginal Infection Rapid Self Test

    Gets to work in seconds. Simply insert the test into the vagina, press it onto the vaginal walls for ten seconds, then remove. Compare your result to a colour chart and get your results. Easy peasy.

    ESO Test Syphilis Rapid Screen Test

    This is an antibody test, which tests for the presence of antibodies in the human body that are produced in response to the TP bacterium. Results are delivered in 15 minutes.

    INSTI – HIV Self-Test

    Keen to know your HIV status but scared to visit the clinic? Get yourself tested at home with this quick kit. The INSTI kit provides accurate results in 1 minute, and is used by healthcare professionals, too.

    ESO Test Herpes Rapid Screen Test

    You’ll need one to two drops of blood for this test, but that’s negligible. Results are delivered within 15 minutes – no lab testing required.

    ESO Test Gonorrhoea Rapid Screen Test

    This is an antigen test, which tests directly for the presence of the gonorrhoea bacteria in the body, with high clinical accuracy. Expect results in less than 15 minutes. More

  • in

    5 Simple Ways To Tell Exactly When You’re Ovulating

    There are two reasons you’ll want to know when you are ovulating: if you’re trying to fall pregnant or if you’re trying not to fall pregnant. In previous years, you’d have to rely on an old-school calendar to track your menstrual cycle. But with technology comes major perks that allow you to tell when you’re ovulating. Here are a few of the methods.

    Menstrual Tracker

    You should be ovulating about 14 days before the start of your next period. If you are not sure how long your cycle is, start marking the days of your cycle in your menstrual tracker — starting with day one on the first day of your period. Once you have established a pattern, the app can predict ovulation reliably.

    READ MORE: Everything You Really Need To Know About Irritable Bowel Syndrome

    Pay Attention To Your Body’s Signs

    You might get a slight pain over your ovary at the time of ovulation. Also, The cervical mucus changes a few days before you ovulate, making it easier for sperm to get into the uterus and to the egg that was released. The volume of your discharge will increase and it becomes almost elastic. Your temperature also rises by about half a degree.

    Ovulation Sticks

    These work just like pregnancy tests — detecting a surge of hormones in your urine. You start using them at the same time of day from about day twelve of your cycle or about 16 days before you think your next period will start. If two lines appear, it means that you will ovulate within the next 24 hours.

    Clicks Ovulation Test

    This kit tests for the luteinizing hormone, present during ovulation.

    READ MORE: 10 Tips To Keep Your Vagina Happy And Healthy

    Fertile Focus

    This is a little device that can be bought from pharmacies. You put a drop of spit on a small microscope lens and then look for a fern pattern forming on it when it has dried out. It costs a few hundred rand, but is worth it if you’re going to be using it every month.

    Fertile Focus

    Fertile Focus uses your saliva to detect ovulation.

    Blood Tests

    This is usually only used in fertility clinics if you are having problems conceiving. Very important to remember: the natural or rhythm method of pregnancy prevention (not having sex around ovulation) is not very reliable. If falling pregnant will be a catastrophe, try something more reliable!

    READ MORE: How To Use Genetic Testing To Improve Your Health

    Get a Fitness Tracker Watch

    Fitness trackers do so much more than measure your BPM during your workout. Using your body’s temperature, they can now detect ovulation. Make sure you buy a fitness tracker that has menstrual cycle capabilities, since this is the functionality you’re looking for.

    Apple Series 8 Watch

    Temperature sensing works with menstrual tracking to detect when you’re ovulating. More

  • in

    Is There A Right Age To Freeze My Eggs?

    You’re in your early 30s and are considering having children, but your career has been your baby for the longest time. Don’t panic, you do have options. Egg freezing is one of them. As women, we have the right to shift our priorities to adapt to the evolving roles we play in society. What is […] More