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      I Tried Ozone Sauna Therapy – Here’s What Happened

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      From the plethora of health and wellness treatments comes something unusual: a gassed-up treatment that promises to heal and reinvigorate. We went ahead and tried ozone sauna therapy at Expand Health to scope out the vibe.

      What is ozone sauna therapy?

      Simply put, it’s a chamber that emits steam and ozone. The steam opens up the skin’s pores, making it possible for ozone to enter the body and be absorbed, so that the benefits can be felt. Your head is never inside the ozone chamber, since ozone is toxic to breathe in (kind of like the ozone in the sky we’re trying to combat).

      Patients are given an oxygen mask to breathe in, so that the ozone doesn’t enter the lungs and cause damage and the chamber should be sealed off at the head.

      While ozone is toxic if breathed in, it’s believed there are other benefits to be gained from having it seep through your pores. Anecdotally, it’s used to treat skin lesions, fight viral infections, activate the immune system and even boost digestion. Many of the benefits, per studies, are yet to be proved scientifically, and researchers are working to gain a greater understanding of ozone therapies.

      Per the little research that exists, ozone therapy could:

      Boost your immune system, since the flood of oxygen in the body stimulates immunity.

      Improve circulation, as fresh oxygen travels to your cells, organs and tissues.

      Protect from foreign invaders, as a boosted immunity halts growth of bacteria and viruses and limits their survival.

      Reduce oxidative stress, since oxygen brings in new life to cells. It could in this way calm inflammation and chronic disease.

      I tried ozone sauna therapy

      I went to Expand Health in Cape Town to try their ozone sauna. They have a range of treatments on offer, from red light therapy to cryo-chamber and oxygen therapy. I opted for the ozone sauna, not entirely because of the cold, but because it’s one of the treatments I had yet to try.

      After dispatching of my garments and donning a towel, I climbed into the sauna chamber and sat on the sterilised seat, while my therapist closed up the machine to let the ozone in. It felt steamy and warm and smelled a bit like chlorine, but not in an overwhelmingly bad way. The ozone seeped through my pores for twenty minutes at varying heats, starting from a balmy 38º Celcius. I promptly fell asleep and felt blissful. After my session, I felt remarkably clean and dewy. I also felt refreshed.

      My therapist and practice manager, Carmen Heunis, tells me that the really revitalising effects are felt from coming to regular sessions – which makes sense, since most therapies need to be done often to see results. Overall, I felt it was a really lovely and passive way to take in something with rejuvenating effects.

      Before your ozone sauna therapy

      Make sure you have a qualified practitioner administering the treatment

      Make sure you never breathe in the ozone as this can be toxic

      Make sure you use a proper machine that never opens during the treatment

      You should have oxygen throughout so that you never breathe in the ozone

      Before you leave the machine, you should wait for the ozone to be suctioned out of the machine before opening

      For peace of mind with this kind of treatment, make sure your facility is part of the South African Association of Health And Skincare Professionals More

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      So You Overindulged Over the Long Weekend? Here’s Why That’s OK, and How to Support Your Body Now

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      You just had a long weekend that was one for the books, with one caveat: You parked it poolside with bottomless drink in hand, worked your way through bags (yes, plural) of popcorn and pretzels alongside said drinks, and had the works at a BBQ—burger, hot dogs, chips, ice cream, you name it. Translation: You woke up the day after the 4th of July feeling hungover, drained, and bloated, not to mention guilty for overindulging (whether or not we care to admit it, we’ve all been there). Your first instinct may be to beeline to the store to stock up on a juice cleanse, swear off anything “bad,” and sign up for a HIIT class pronto, but PSA: You don’t need to detox, no matter how much you think you “overindulged.” Ahead, why it doesn’t have to be all-or-nothing when it comes to your eating and drinking habits and tried-and-true ways to give your body some extra TLC after a weekend of excess. Spoiler: There’s no dieting in sight. 
       
      If you feel guilty about “overindulging,” here’s why you shouldn’t:
       
      Your body naturally detoxifies itself
      It bears repeating: No matter what or how much you’ve noshed on or knocked back, a whole-body cleanse to eliminate “toxins” is not necessary. Why? The body has its own natural detox system and process and can repair itself from the occasional overindulgence. It processes and digests all of it—the countless helpings of BBQ fare you consumed, the one too many cocktails you imbibed, the number of s’mores or ice cream cones you lost count devouring.
      Your digestive tract, liver, kidneys, and skin all work together to make the body well-equipped to “detox” every day. Everything from the saliva in the mouth to the enzymes in the stomach is meant to break down toxins, digest food, get the nourishment it needs from that food, and then get rid of excess through your urine, stool, and sweat. A healthy body is built to identify, process, and eliminate substances that are either unnecessary or harmful all on its own (no extreme diet or cleanse required). 
       
      A healthy, well-balanced diet also includes foods you love 
      Eating “healthy” is confusing AF. Thanks to the conflicting food and nutrition information at our fingertips, there’s a lot of debate about what a “healthy diet” really means. That’s because a healthy diet is never one-size-fits-all; it looks different to every single person. But it boils down to this: following your body’s hunger cues and listening to cravings (that goes for your favorite foods too!) and making intuitive choices with whatever is available. In other words, if your body needs a burger with all the trimmings, honor it. And when you do, it doesn’t mean you’ve “fallen off the wagon” or “cheated.” A healthy diet includes foods that bring you joy and celebrate special occasions without judgment (that in itself is cause for celebration!). There’s room for all foods–including indulgences–in a healthy diet.

      Restrictions can lead to unhealthy behaviors 
      Post-indulgence remorse can be a b*tch and leave you feeling like you have to punish yourself for your “bad” decisions—whether it be a sweat-drenching workout or limiting yourself to what you can and can’t eat. But depriving yourself of certain foods or food groups can backfire and result in disordered eating, like binge-eating, skipping meals, or fasting—all of which can do a number on not only your mental health, but also your physical well-being (looking at you, metabolism and hormones). Food is not the enemy, but rather a source of nutrients and energy to fuel our bodies to do the things we love to do. Instead of restricting foods and suppressing cravings, listen to your body’s hunger and satiety signals, eat nourishing foods whenever you’re hungry, and savor the less nutrient-dense provisions (read: the chips, ice cream, booze) shame and guilt-free. 

      Joy is a key nutrient 
      Nutrition is more than just fueling your body with what’s on your plate. While food is at the forefront of nurturing our bodies, the people we spend our time with, the activities we engage in, and the content we take in (think: social media, the news, shows) also feed us. Just like we need protein, carbs, fats, vitamins, and minerals to function optimally, we need joy for our overall health and wellness. We often put so much time, thought, and energy into what we eat (or shouldn’t), but we’re missing a key piece of the puzzle. That joy nutrient is just as important as protein and fiber. And sometimes, joy looks like an ice cream cone on a summer day, a burger at a family barbecue, or spicy margaritas by the pool with your besties. You’re still nourishing yourself, even if it’s not nutritionally.
       
      Instead of dieting, here’s how to support your body RN:

      Engage in gentle movement
      Despite what diet culture tells you, a grueling workout is not going to cancel out or make up for what you ate last night or over the course of a long weekend, nor does it need to. Resist the urge to try to “erase” or burn off the calories you’ve ingested by overdoing it in the exercise department. If you’re feeling up for it, ease into a light workout like walking, a restorative yoga flow, or a “lazy girl workout” to get the heart pumping and support your digestive tract. A low-intensity sesh can be just as effective as its high-intensity counterpart with perks such as improving cardiovascular fitness, lessening fatigue and pain, elevating mood, enhancing sleep quality, and bettering mobility and balance.

      Stay hydrated with water
      ICYMI, your reusable water bottle is the “it” wellness accessory to have on you at all times. After all, staying hydrated is essential for our skin, digestion, hormone balance, sleep quality, and mood. If you’ve been sipping on aperitifs and munching on sodium-laden snacks all weekend, you’re especially going to want to listen up. Aside from keeping your water tumbler on hand, reach for water-rich foods (think: cucumber, lettuce, celery, tomatoes, zucchini, and strawberries), add electrolytes to your H2O to replenish essential minerals, and counteract the dehydrating effects of alcohol intake by increasing your water consumption. And while you’re at it, give your hydration goals (and digestive system) a leg up by swapping your morning cup of joe with a tall glass of warm lemon water. 
       
      Load up on veggies 
      Rather than harping on what not to eat, focus on what you can add to your plate and eating habits. Vegetables like dark leafy greens provide high-fiber content that gives your gut a healthy boost. They’re also rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals to aid your body in reducing inflammation. On the other hand, the sugary and fatty munchies you’ve been snacking on the past few days lack the fiber and protein that keep your blood sugar levels stabilized and your hunger at bay. The good news? You can get your fill of veggies by incorporating them into each meal. Get creative by sneaking them into omelets, veggie sauces, and baked goods, blending ’em into smoothies, making a rice or pizza crust out of them, or transforming them into noodles. The world is your zucchini/cauliflower/sweet potato!
       
      Get plenty of rest 
      If there’s ever a good excuse to take a catnap, it’s after a long weekend of indulgences when you’ve likely skimped on sleep. Insufficient sleep can influence your taste buds and increase cravings for unhealthy foods. But when you get solid shut-eye, your body gets to work to reset itself. “So many different processes happen while we sleep that keep us healthy (rest, recovery, repair, rejuvenation),” explained Dr. Whitney Roban, PhD, a sleep specialist and founder of Solve Our Sleep. “Your brain and body release toxins which lead to stronger brain health and overall physical health, your body restores energy, and the muscles and cells in your body repair and grow.” If your body is nudging you to get some Zzzs, do yourself a favor and have an afternoon siesta and aim for a solid 7-9 hours of sleep at night. 
       
      Be kind to yourself
      There’s no good in berating yourself for the food coma you’re experiencing. Stress and guilt after eating do more harm to your body than the hot dog and slice of pie could ever do, so show yourself compassion if you’re feeling the regret creep in. Try to let any negativity around your food choices go and do what works for you to reframe your mindset and move forward. Maybe that looks like resuming your routine of meal prepping and scheduling your workouts for the week, DIY-ing a lymphatic drainage massage, or practicing affirmations. At the end of the day, our thoughts, which affect our feelings, behaviors, and choices, are the only thing that needs a helping hand in detoxing. 
       

      Here’s Why Body Neutrality Is Better Than Body Positivity More

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      It’s Official: Stress Makes Us Crave Junk Food

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      Have you ever noticed you reach for junk foods when you feel stressed? Maybe you don’t feel you have the energy to cook something healthy or you add a little something into the basket on your way home because you deserve it.

      Comfort eating on repeat is all too real — and now we know the science behind it.

      Science-Backed

      A study published in Neuron has shown that eating high-calorie foods while feeling stressed can cause brain changes that increase cravings for it. Ooof, slippery slope.

      These foods — call them comfort, junk, high calorie… potato, potato — activate the reward centre in the brain. Over time, if this craving is given into often rather than as the occasional indulgence, this cause and effect (stress hormones, such as cortisol and food) can create unhealthy associations and increase the chance of consuming them.

      On an average day, the brain region responsible for stopping us overeating — the lateral habenula — would neutralise the reward we get from comfort eating, meaning it becomes less appealing.

      Researchers found that in times of stress, the brain’s reaction to being satiated was overridden. Essentially, the lateral habenula stays shtum. This means junk food continues to press those ‘reward’ buttons, boosting feel-good hormones, such as dopamine, in the short term.

      What’s The Catch?

      High in calories, fats, sugars, carbs and most other things we don’t want an excess of on the reggo. These foods not only cause weight gain but a wide range of other changes, including sleep and hormonal issues.

      The catch-22 is these can then lead to stress. This creates an unhealthy cycle of stress, junk food, sleep, repeat.

      Though it can feel challenging to make an effort to make something nourishing when we’re feeling sub-par, healthy subscription boxes, frozen meals and a few easy recipes can make the difference between pizza every day and a healthy, balanced diet.

      This article by Rebecca Gillam was originally published on Women’s Health UK. More

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      How Armani’s Getting Ahead Of The Global Water Scarcity Crisis

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      When water comes out of our taps, we often don’t think about it – until it disappears. But water scarcity is a reality around the world and in South Africa, too. That’s why the Armani Acqua for Life campaign takes steps to address the issue.

      What is the water scarcity situation in South Africa?

      In South Africa, over 3 million people still don’t have access to a basic water supply service. And, only 64 percent of households have access to a reliable water supply. Globally, 1 in 10 people don’t have access to clean water close to home. And without this access, the door is open for contaminated water sources, bringing diseases like cholera and dysentery.  

      What is the Armani Acqua for Life initiative?

      The same year that Armani created Acqua for Life, the United Nations recognised the right to water and sanitation as a human right. Added to that, Armani’s initiative has invested 14 million euros in water projects across 23 countries, which has helped over 590,000 people worldwide. They focus on delivering universal access to drinking water in water-scarce regions. That includes the installation of water points, latrines rainwater collection, water filtering and water purification systems.

      The Armani Acqua for Life initiative took steps in South Africa. They also put up a series of portraits of people who have been positively impacted by the programme. These were displayed at Nirox Sculpture Park in Johannesburg. Through this initiative, Armani aims to raise awareness about water scarcity. Estimates show that by 2025, half of the world’s population could be living in water-stressed areas.

      Raising awareness about water scarcity

      The exhibition unveils authentic and optimistic portraits of people positively impacted by an Acqua for Life project in South Africa. South African artists Justice and Fhatuwani Mukheli – with the help of videographers, Simba, and Wesley Takaedza, shine a light on the concrete impact that Acqua for Life projects have had. The artists went to the Mamburu and Maangane villages, with a series of portraits of those who live there. These portraits illustrate how access to water allows people to flourish, enhancing the intrinsic connection between water and life. More

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      What Is Insomnia, Exactly? And How Can We Get Better Sleep?

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      If sleep is a constant struggle for you (here’s looking at you, doom scrollers), welcome to the club. According to the sleep tracking app Sleep Cycle, South Africans get fewer hours in the hay than any other nation in the world. It also seems that the older you get, the worse your insomnia becomes. Per a 2012 study, people aged 65 and older have higher rates of insomnia.

      Meet The Expert: Dr Alison Bentley is a Restonic Sleep Expert

      So… What is insomnia?

      “It’s easiest to describe insomnia as a reduced quantity of sleep,” Dr Bentley says. “But, to be an insomniac, the reduction in hours of sleep has to cause some kind of problem with daytime function. This could range from poor concentration to memory problems, trouble focusing on tasks and fatigue.”

      She adds that apart from a drop in daytime function, insomnia can have many long-term effects on health, including cardiac issues and metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. This makes it important to address insomnia as soon as possible.

      What are the symptoms of insomnia?

      There are three main symptoms of insomnia, according to Dr Bentley.

       Trouble falling asleep

      Waking in the middle of the night and battling to go back to sleep

      Waking too early in the morning.

      Most people have more than one of these symptoms and a particular symptom does not necessarily link to a specific cause.

      There are different types of insomnia

      Insomnia is a class of disorders as there are multiple causes. Dr Bentley says the condition can also either be acute or chronic.

      Acute insomnia

      “Acute insomnia occurs when sleep is disrupted due to a specific stressor and in most people only lasts for as long as the stress does, after which it resolves and sleep becomes normal again,” she says.

      “The stress is often psychological. For example, someone might struggle with after the death of a loved one or during a period of intense work stress. It can, however, also be caused by a physical trigger, such as the development of a painful disorder, such as arthritis. Only a quarter of people with acute insomnia go on to suffer with chronic insomnia.”

      Chronic insomnia

      Got chronic insomnia? That’ll be the case if you’ve got sleep problems, from the above symptoms, lasting at least three days per week for at least three months. “At this point, it’s usually not stress causing the sleeplessness, but changes in the way we think of sleep (cognitive issues), as well as some bad habits (behavioural issues) that we adopt to try to get more sleep,” says Dr Bentley. “These mean we worry more about our sleep and spend longer in bed trying to get more sleep and both of these factors make our sleep problems worse.”

      Other types of insomnia

      If you’re dealing with depression, anxiety, chronic pain or obstructive sleep apnoea, you might also have insomnia. Various medications used to treat other medical disorders can also interfere with sleep, for example, medications that lower cholesterol and antiretrovirals for treating HIV infection, says Dr Bentley.

      Is your mattress the culprit?

      Sometimes, your mattress might be to blame. If you have a mattress that leaves you waking up with aches and pains, you might need to replace it. “Over time, the comfort layers in your mattress break down, which can cause pressure points when you sink onto the firmer support core,” says Dale Harley, Executive in Restonic Marketing.

      Dr Bentley adds that other signs that your mattress is affecting your sleep can include finding it difficult to get comfortable causing a longer sleep onset (time to fall asleep).

      “If you no longer wake up feeling refreshed, your mattress may be at the end of its life,” Harley says. “It’s worth exploring whether this is the case.”

      How do you know if you have insomnia?

      Sure, you’re not clocking eight solid hours every night, but does that mean you’re an insomniac? Not necessarily, says Dr Bentley. “The number of hours usually quoted as constituting ‘normal sleep’ is seven to eight hours a night. However, this is not quite true,” says Dr Bentley. “Yes, seven to eight hours is the average amount of sleep for a population. But there are many people who need more than that and some who need less.”

      Treatments for insomnia

      Treatment for insomnia can include CBT, or cognitive behavioural therapy, as well as medication. You’d also need to cultivate a sleep routine that includes cues your body would learn from. When you expose yourself to a certain scent, for example, that might signal sleep time for your brain, enabling you to nod off. Per the Sleep Foundation, healthy sleep would also involve limiting stimuli around bedtime. Yip, that includes your cellphone and TV.

      Bottom line: if you wake up feeling tired, you likely need more sleep. Think you’re dealing with insomnia? Chat with your doctor first. “There are a number of conditions that cause insomnia and treatment does not always need to involve sleeping tablets,” says Dr Bentley. “But ignoring the problem does not result in improvement over time. Once insomnia has become chronic, it will generally continue unless specific action is taken.” More

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      11 Things I Wish I Learned in Sex Ed (but Didn’t)

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      When I think back to 7th-grade sex ed, I recall a series of three VHS videos that are burned into my memory: a graphic depiction of a baby crowning during birth, an instructional video about how to use a condom, and a sketch involving a student who drops a massive box of tampons at school and a teenage boy who steps in to help (and who, BTW, is entirely unphased by the sheer number of feminine products in her possession). These were the takeaways of the lessons I learned: birth is wild, protection is non-negotiable, and menstruation is normal. (Of course, that last one only the female students learned while the males were shuffled into another room to learn about wet dreams and such.) 
      As I advanced into adulthood, I remember coming across various scenarios that prompted the thought, “Huh, that would’ve been nice to learn in sex ed.” And I know I’m not alone. So I decided to team up with Ariele Myers, a fertility specialist, board-certified herbalist, licensed acupuncturist, and Founder of The Whole Woman Collective, to devise the top things I wish I’d learned about the female body in sex ed. Ahead, 11 lessons about sex I wish I learned, but didn’t. 

      Meet the expert
      Ariele Myers
      LICENSED ACUPUNCTURIST, BOARD CERTIFIED HERBALIST, AND FERTILITY SPECIALIST
      Myers founded Arieles Apothecary, where she worked with some of the top Reproductive Endocrinologists and IVF centers in the country to help hundreds of women on their hormonal health and fertility journeys. In 2016, she founded Wisdom of the Womb, an online platform to educate on all things reproductive health.

      1. It’s not that easy to get pregnant
      In a very informal poll I took of all my friends, this was the number one issue that we felt our sex ed classes misled us on. I get that it’s tough to explain nuance to a bunch of 7th graders, but if you’re under the impression that you can get pregnant any day of the month, you’re in for a surprise if and when you decide to try to get pregnant. According to Myers, a woman’s “fertile window” is about 6 days long. The math here is that women ovulate for about 12-48 hours, and “While our egg is only viable for a short time, sperm can live for 5 days, so we can actually become pregnant by having sex before we ovulate,” Myers explained. 
      If you’re trying to avoid pregnancy, Myers suggested backtracking 5-6 days from the day you ovulate and either avoiding vaginal sex or using contraception until about 48 hours after ovulation to be safe. Basically, avoid unprotected sex for a week. “Where some women go wrong in trying to avoid pregnancy is that they wait until they’re ovulating to abstain from penetrative vaginal intercourse,” Myers added. “If there is sperm in your body at the time you ovulate, you can get pregnant.” Another disclaimer: This can be a helpful timeframe if you have a regular cycle, so if you have an irregular cycle (and even if you don’t), chat with your doctor about a plan that works best for you. 

      2. Tracking your ovulation is a great way to get to know yourself
      If you’ve never tried tracking your ovulation, I highly encourage you to. Not only does it empower you to know when pregnancy is possible (whether you’re trying to achieve or avoid it), but it’s also an indicator of good health. There are a few ways to track your ovulation, and Myers’s favorite is by tracking your Basal Body Temperature (BBT). “BBT charting tells us so much about our reproductive health, like our follicular and luteal health as well as how we ovulate, not just if and when we ovulate,” Myers said. 
      If you’re into cycle syncing, BBT is an excellent way to gauge which phase of your cycle you’re entering. Myers offers a free YouTube tutorial on tracking BBT if you’re wondering how to start. Alternatively, you could buy an Ovulation Predictor Kit (OPK) at any major store that sells pregnancy tests. “OPK testing is simple, pee-on-a-stick easy, but can get expensive if you’re using them monthly,” Myers stated. These tests can also misread whether you’re actually ovulating as they often only track LH (luteinizing hormone) spikes, which occur just before ovulation, and not the progesterone that kicks in after ovulation.
      Lastly, you can keep an eye on ovulation by tracking your cervical mucus, which Myers referred to as helpful, but also takes some figuring out. “Around the time you ovulate, the consistency of fertile cervical mucus [will be] similar to that of raw egg whites,” Myers said. “Ever try to get a little piece of shell out of the egg white? It’s nearly impossible!” This “raw egg white” consistency usually appears within four days of ovulation.
       
      3. Period pain is not normal
      I was shocked to discover well into my mid-20s that severe cramping alongside my period—though common—wasn’t actually “normal.” Rather, it was a sign that my hormones were out of whack. “Within the framework of Eastern Medicine, pain before and during our cycle can indicate a stagnation of Qi and Blood or blockage in our reproductive organs,” Myers said. “This can inhibit blood flow, which can contribute to pain and cramping.”
      I can personally speak to the power of acupuncture (and herbal tea!) for hormonal health (after going down that road, I rarely cramp when I menstruate). “Some profoundly impactful ways to reduce your menstrual pain at home are Moxibustion and womb massage,” Myers added. 
       
      4. The birth control pill is not a cure-all for all menstrual issues
      Birth control can be an effective tool for contraception, but it’s often used to treat a myriad of menstruation issues. And like all medications, it carries risks along with benefits. “While I believe that the hormonal contraceptive was one of the best things to happen for women’s reproductive freedom, anything we put into the body has to be processed by our body—by our liver—and this does impact our overall health,” Myers said. “Birth control pills are a powerful method of preventing pregnancy, especially when a woman isn’t available or open to tracking her cycle.” But if you’re looking to improve the health of your hormones or your cycle, options outside of birth control might provide a better long-term solution.
       
      5. Orgasms are good for you
      I honestly can’t remember if orgasms were discussed in sex ed, but I know we didn’t talk about their health benefits (spoiler: there are a lot of benefits!). “During orgasm, women release endorphins, ‘feel good’ hormones like oxytocin and dopamine, and prolactin,” Myers explained. Not only do these chemicals counteract stress, but they can also relieve anxiety. Pleasure can actually be healing if we are intentional about how we access it. Imagine if your sex ed class encouraged you to explore what made you feel good. 
      “Only 31-40% of women say that they reach orgasm during penetrative intercourse, and many women say they feel ashamed or embarrassed that they don’t orgasm,” Myers pointed out. “I want there to be so much more support for people to have the time and space to learn what their body likes and wants. Emily Nagoski’s book Come As You Are is an amazing resource for all bodies wanting to understand and discover their capacity for desire.”
       
      6. Post-sex care is important
      Do you know when I learned it was important to pee after sex to avoid a urinary tract infection (UTI)? After getting my first UTI. Though it may feel like hearsay, it’s not a myth: “Peeing after sex is important as it helps you flush bacteria that could potentially cause UTIs out of the urethra,” Myers said. “The belief that it can ward off pregnancy, however, is not factual as the urethra is separate from the vagina.” Emotional post-sex care is important too, Myers pointed out. “Some people need and want cuddles or talking after sex, some need a nap, and some are fine to just get up and go,” she said. She encourages leaning into what you want and need—and practicing asking for it.

      7. Intimacy and sex are different
      Though this isn’t strictly related to physical health, it’s important for anyone engaged in sexual activity to know how to differentiate the physical act of sex from the emotional bond of intimacy. “It feels important to remember that sex is sex and love is love,” Myers said. When both parties aren’t aligned on exactly how they’re using sex, people can get hurt. “It’s OK to have sex without intimacy and connection if that’s what you choose,” Myers noted. “But when you have sex as a means to increase connection,” especially when the other person isn’t on the same page, “it often doesn’t work and can leave us feeling vulnerable.” Wouldn’t it have been great if sex ed helped us navigate these nuances from the start?
       
      8. Consent is an enthusiastic “yes,” and “no” is a complete sentence
      Consent is critical for obvious reasons, but I wish the nuances of consent had been discussed and taught more clearly in sex ed. Myers explained that so many women tell her they don’t feel entitled to their “no.” Other times, they worry about the other person feeling rejected. “‘No’ is a complete sentence,” Myers said. “Even if you like someone, even if you want to continue feeling connected, you never owe anyone your body. Sexuality is not a performance. I believe this should be the foundation of sexual education: that we get to feel, explore, and honor our feelings of desire as well as lack of desire.”
      In the same vein, if you have been told “no,” know that it is not a reflection of your worth (another thing I wish they told us in sex ed). There are so many reasons a person might not be interested in sex that have nothing to do with who you are. 
       
      9. What you’re calling a “vagina” is probably a “vulva” (and they all look different!)
      Screaming “penis” and “vagina” at the top of our lungs to normalize the words—another sex ed lesson burned into my brain (anyone else?): “A” for effort, but it reduced our understanding of the anatomy to two terms. I’m pretty sure I thought my vulva was called a vagina well into my 20s, and most men I know still don’t know the difference.
      Let’s settle any confusion now: The vulva is the area outside a woman’s genitals. Within the vulva, you’ll find a clitoris (the pleasure center), labia majora and minora (the outer and inner lips), a urethra (where urine travels), and the vaginal opening. The vagina is actually inside the body. It’s the inner canal that leads toward the uterus. The beautiful thing about vulvas is that no two are identical, much like fingerprints. It can be maddening when younger women worry about whether their vulva looks “normal,” because there’s no real “normal” to compare it to. Again, that’s something that would have been really helpful to learn in sex ed.
       
      10. Non-sexual infections happen and are nothing to be ashamed of
      There’s a lot of talk about sexually transmitted diseases in sex ed, but not a whole lot of discussion about the fairly common non-sexual infections that can crop up—yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis. “It is best to go to a doctor to check on any excessive itching or unusual discharge,” Myers suggested. But it’s not necessary to get overly concerned right away. These types of infections can occur as a side effect of antibiotics, birth control, hormone imbalance, or diet. “Our digestion can change the pH in our vagina, which can become a breeding ground for infections, like Candida overgrowth,” Myers said. Talk to your doctor if you experience any changes, and practice proper hygiene. 
       
      11. Sex is not just heterosexual (because duh)
      This one really goes without saying, but we’re saying it anyway. It’s hard enough navigating being a woman in a heteronormative society, considering the fact that women were forced to rely on a man for survival throughout most of history. “This framework only shifted as recently as the 1970s when women could open their own bank account and even be considered for certain professions—but our value as women is still strongly steeped within that historical context,” Myers shared.  
      For folks who identify outside the bounds of heteronormative culture, who have faced even more invisibility and had to fight for any real contextualization of value at all, navigating sexual intimacy is even hazier. Queer relationships need to be visible, normalized, and valued so that the folks who reside within them can feel visible, normal, and valued. And sexual education needs to cover these kinds of relationships so that all students are offered the health and safety information they deserve.

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      5 Gut Health Supplements

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      As cliché as the trope “Listen to your gut” may be, there’s a reason why the gut is known as the second brain and gives us signs when something is or isn’t right. Whether you call it a gut feeling or instinct, the gut refers to your gastrointestinal (GI) system, the health of which is generally determined by the levels and types of bacteria in your digestive tract, AKA your gut microbiome.
      “Other than digesting and absorbing nutrients from the food and drinks we consume, our digestive system protects us from harmful invaders with the small and large intestine housing nearly 80% of our immune system,” explained Paulina Lee, MSHS, RD, LD, a gut health functional dietitian and Founder of Savvy Stummy, LLC. “The gut and gut microbiome is deeply connected to the brain and mood health through the gut-brain axis, a bi-directional superhighway of communication between our brain and gut.” What’s more, Lee noted that the gut microbiome creates 95% of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which regulates anxiety and is essential for relaxation, sleep, and concentration. Bottom line: When your gut health is poor (read: your gut microbiome is imbalanced), your mood, immune health, and sleep quality, just to name a few, pay the price. 
      As far as tips for good gut health (more on that to come) go, you can expect the usual suspects for overall health: a balanced and diverse diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fermented foods, staying hydrated, stress management, reducing inflammation by removing food sensitivities and toxins from your diet and lifestyle, getting in daily movement, and prioritizing restful sleep. To round out a holistic approach to improving your gut health? Supplements, of course. Ahead, a round-up of five gut health supplements that can aid in keeping a balanced gut microbiome, straight from experts. 

      5 Gut Health Supplements
      There are countless supplements for gut health at our fingertips and knowing which ones are legit and worth trying can be overwhelming, so before we dive into the expert-approved recommendations, let’s first understand what gut health really is and how to improve gut health. 

      What Is Gut Health?
      Before we dive into the supplements, let’s define what gut health actually is so you know what you’re working toward. If there ever was a wellness buzzword that has earned its stay, it’s gut health. But what is it exactly? “Gut health refers to the balance and optimal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, specifically the microbiome, which consists of trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses,” conveyed Dr. James Walker, a clinical doctor at Welzo. “A healthy gut microbiome is diverse, with a balanced composition of beneficial bacteria that support digestion, nutrient absorption, immune function, and even mental health.” Dr. Walker cited various factors that can play a significant role in your gut health, including diet, lifestyle, stress levels, lack of sleep, medications, and environmental factors (think: pollution and toxins).
      While it seems like a given to keep our digestive system in check by being mindful of the influences mentioned above, with today’s go-go-go culture, keeping a healthy digestive tract is easier said than done. Enter: superfoods to give your gut a healthy boost. Below, experts let us in on the gut health supplements that get their stamp of approval. FYI, before taking any supplement, Dr. Walker stressed the importance of consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian who can assess your specific needs, potential interactions with medications, and any underlying health conditions. They can provide personalized recommendations and guidance to ensure safe and effective use of supplements.

      Best Supplements for Gut Health

      Probiotics
      Probiotics are living, good bacteria that promote gut health—whether in supplement form or from food sources—and can help maintain digestive health and a healthy balance in your body. When bad bacteria in the gut increase in number, probiotics can step in to fight off the bad bacteria and restore your body to a neutral state. The best part? Taking a probiotic supplement can tip the balance in favor of fewer gaseous bacterial strains, resulting in less gas and bloating. 
      “[Probiotics] contain a combination of beneficial bacteria strains, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus,” described Mary Sabat MS, RDN, LD, a nutritionist and ACE-certified trainer. “Probiotics can help restore the balance of gut bacteria, support digestion, boost immune function, and improve bowel regularity.” Opt for a high-quality probiotic supplement with a variety of probiotic strains, follow the dosing recommendations on the product label, and store them according to what the label states (i.e. refrigeration, room temperature, etc.). If you have a compromised immune system or underlying health conditions or are taking immunosuppressant medications, it’s especially vital to speak with your doctor before adding probiotics to your routine.

      Prebiotics
      “Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers that serve as food for beneficial bacteria in the gut,” Sabat said. Once they bypass digestion and make it to your colon, the gut bacteria metabolize and ferment the prebiotics to survive, producing short-chain fatty acids that provide energy to your colon cells, help with mucus production, and assist in inflammation and immunity. Prebiotics boast many health benefits, including helping regulate bowel movements, enhancing your body’s anti-inflammatory response, decreasing bad bacteria that cause disease while increasing the production of good bacteria, and improving immune function.
      Sabat suggested looking for supplements containing prebiotic fibers like inulin, chicory root, or fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to promote the growth and activity of healthy gut bacteria. That said, prebiotics are not one-size-fits-all, and they may worsen symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome since rapid fermentation can cause gas, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation in patients who are sensitive.

      Digestive enzymes
      Like breathing, we don’t think twice about digestion—it happens automatically. Well, without digestive enzymes, the food we nosh on cannot be broken down properly and the body can become deficient in nutrients it needs to function (hello, gas, bloating, and abdominal pain). In some cases, the body doesn’t make enough digestive enzymes, resulting in a deficiency. Cue digestive enzyme supplements.
      “Digestive enzyme supplements contain enzymes like amylase, protease, and lipase that aid in the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, respectively, for better absorption,” Sabat clarified. “These supplements can support digestion, especially for individuals with enzyme deficiencies or digestive disorders.” Take the supplement with meals according to the recommended dosage on the product label. If you have a known enzyme deficiency or gastrointestinal disorder, be sure to check in with your healthcare professional prior to consuming a digestive enzyme supplement. 
       
      Fiber
      You probably associate the carbohydrate with helping move things along, and rightfully so. The crunch factor you get from biting into a carrot or apple? That’s good ol’ fiber working its magic. Since the body can’t digest fiber, it passes through the body undigested and makes its way to the gut, promoting regularity and relieving GI issues. According to Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health’s The Nutrition Source, fiber lowers the risk of developing various conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, diverticular disease, and constipation, thanks to its beneficial role in the gut microbiome that may produce anti-inflammatory effects that alleviate chronic inflammation. Adding a variety of fiber-rich foods like whole grains, beans, leafy greens, and apples can help you meet your daily fiber needs, but fiber supplements can also step in to fill in nutritional gaps. 
      “Fiber supplements, such as psyllium husk or glucomannan, can help promote regular bowel movements and support overall gut health,” Dr. Walker affirmed. “It’s important to drink plenty of water when taking fiber supplements to avoid constipation.” Reach for fiber supplements that contain a mixture of both types of fiber—insoluble and soluble—to optimize digestion.

      Glutamine 
      If you’ve found yourself on #GutTok, chances are you’ve heard about L-glutamine, a supplement TikTokers tout for its gut health perks. Is it worth the hype? The short answer is yes. Recent research has shown that the amino acid glutamine can positively affect gut health by supporting the gut microbiome, gut mucosal wall integrity (a crucial line of defense that can help protect against digestive concerns and conditions), and the regulation of inflammatory responses. Glutamine is naturally produced in the body, however, during intense periods of stress (think: infections, surgery, and trauma), the body may not be able to keep up with the higher demand, in which case glutamine supplementation can provide a leg up. 
      “Glutamine is an amino acid that plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the gut lining,” Sabat echoed. “It can help support gut healing, reduce intestinal permeability, and improve immune function.” Whether you take a glutamine supplement in powder or capsule form, follow the recommended dosage instructions provided by the manufacturer. Pro tip: While taking a glutamine supplement can enhance gut health, if you have gastrointestinal issues, getting to the root cause should be your first step. 

      Please consult a doctor or healthcare professional before beginning any treatments. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical or mental health condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read in this article.

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      Here’s Why There’s More Air Pollution In Winter – And How To Solve It

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      During colder months, you’re probably going to want to light the fire, close the windows and keep cosy. And, when loadshedding hits, flick on the generator and continue to ‘Netflix and chill’. But, if you want to stay healthy this winter, this is exactly what you shouldn’t be doing – unless you’ve invested in an air purifier, says Trevor Brewer, Director of air treatment and lifestyle specialist Solenco. That’s because indoor air pollution in winter can become a problem.

      In winter, the air gets a little dirtier, leading to respiratory illness that can get deadly. Per the WHO, Household air pollution was responsible for an estimated 3.2 million deaths per year in 2020, including over 237 000 deaths of children under the age of 5. Cooking with gas because of loadshedding? Watch out: these gases emit kerosene, which generates harmful household air pollution, says the WHO.

      Air pollution in winter – even indoors

      In South Africa, the particulate matter (read: pollution) in our air is regularly higher than the national standards. Around 86% of South Africa’s primary energy supply is from coal, and much of the particulate matter that we breathe in is caused in the process of generating coal-fired electricity, says Brewer.

      And indoor pollution can get bad. “Pollutants are microscopic particles of toxic chemicals that are small enough to enter the bloodstream. Because they’re so small, you can be sure they’re being carried into your home. In fact, the concentration of pollutants and toxins found in the air can actually be two to five times higher indoors than out,” says Brewer.

      Air Pollution Solutions

      Stay ventilated

      Keeping the windows closed may help to keep cold air out but it also keeps polluted air in. Dust, fumes from household chemicals, emissions from appliances, bacteria and germs, pet dander, damp and mould, and the pollutants discussed above, are all at home in your house when there’s no fresh air circulating. And with them come all the winter ailments.

      You could stock up on medicine to deal with the symptoms that come with seasonal changes, says Brewer, but he suggests that you rather prevent these adverse effects by investing in an air purifier for your home or office.

      Solenco Purification Pal

      This gadget keeps the air in your home clean by forcing air through an ultra-fine mesh that traps pollutants. Look for one with HEPA tech, like the Solenco Purification Pal, that removes 99.8% of particles as small as 0.3 microns from the air.

      Humidify your air

      The dryness of the air can constitute a health hazard, especially in cooler months. For people with respiratory or lung issues, cold and dry air narrows airways and makes it harder to breathe. Even if you’re healthy, dry air can cause pain, inflammation and headaches, asthma, allergies and hay fever, itchy, uncomfortable skin, and nose bleeds. What works? A humidifier, which can refresh the air by injecting purified water into your surroundings.

      Xiaomi Humidifier 2 Lite

      Brewer says an evaporative humidifier is a great way to keep your indoor air at optimal moisture levels and remove air impurities, to improve your comfort and your health. A smaller unit will service a bedroom or living area, while a whole-home unit can cover 370 square metres.

      Invest in air-purifying plants

      Some house plants can diffuse toxic chemicals in the air, like formaldehyde, benzene and trichloroethylene. It’s essential to still clean your plants, since the leaves can collect dust, leading to allergies.

      Look for plants like English Ivy, Bamboo Palm and Aloe Vera. Snake plants are extremely pretty indoors and also help purify the air. More