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      ‘Nature’s Ozempic’: What Are The Benefits Of Berberine?

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      You may already take multivitamins.  And know how important certain vitamins and minerals (you know, like vitamin D, iron and zinc) are for your health. But once in a while, you may come across one whose health benefits you’re a little hazy on. One such buzzy supplement that’s been all over social media recently: berberine. It’s a botanical compound, recently dubbed “nature’s Ozempic” for its supposed weight loss benefits on TikTok.

      If you’re a little clueless when it comes to berberine’s health benefits (plus, what it even is and if it *actually* helps with weight loss), you are not alone.

      What is berberine?

      Basically, berberine is a plant-based compound that targets a protein involved in insulin resistance and blood sugar making. “Berberine is an alkaloid extracted from a specific group of plants,” explains Registered Dietitian Scott Keatley, the co-founder of Keatley Medical Nutrition Therapy. “This yellow substance is used by the plant to protect against predators and regulate growth.” Some well-known alkaloids are morphine, quinine and nicotine, he adds.

      Berberine may be able to help with high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and obesity. There’s a heavy emphasis on using the supplement to fight cardiovascular issues associated with those conditions, according to research. Berberine has “also been shown to moderately support weight-loss efforts,” notes dietitian Sonya Angelone, a spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. It’s even used to dye fabrics too, thanks to its yellow colour. But given that this is a supplement and supplements are largely unregulated in SA, is berberine something you should try? Read on to see what nutrition experts have to say about this trendy supp.

      Meet the experts: Scott Keatley is a nutritionist and the co-founder of Keatley Medical Nutrition Therapy. Sonya Angelone is a registered dietitian and a spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Deborah Cohen is an associate professor in the department of clinical and preventive nutrition sciences at Rutgers University.

      What are the benefits of berberine?

      There are actually a lot. But some are better proven than others.

      It can help lower your blood sugar.

      Berberine is linked to lowering blood sugar. And there’s some research to suggest this actually works—in a few different ways. Berberine may decrease insulin resistance, help your body break down sugars inside your cells and slow the breakdown of carbs in your gut. It could even increase the number of good bacteria in your gut.

      An older study of 116 people with diabetes found that those who took one gram of berberine a day lowered their fasting blood sugar (i.e., their blood sugar after they fasted for a period of time) by 20 percent. It also helped lower their A1C, a common way blood sugar levels are tracked over time, by 12 percent, the researchers found. And berberine is an effective treatment for diabetes. It’s potentially even as good as popular drugs like metformin, a meta-analysis of 14 studies found. (An important caveat: Most of the studies included were small, so it’s tough to draw strong conclusions from the findings.)

      Overall, though, berberine “could benefit those with type 2 diabetes by lowering blood glucose and A1C levels,” says Deborah Cohen, an associate professor in the department of clinical and preventive nutrition sciences at Rutgers University. It’s also “relatively low cost and does not show serious adverse effects,” she adds. But if you have type 2 diabetes, don’t stop taking your meds—always talk to your doctor first.

      It may help with weight loss.

      Here’s where the whole “nature’s Ozempic” piece comes into play. The supp is said to offer similar weight loss benefits to the viral semaglutide medication, Ozempic. Ozempic helps the pancreas release the right amount of insulin when your blood sugar is high. It also mimics a gastrointestinal hormone that aids in digestion. Yet, while some people may be using berberine as a weight-loss supplement, the data to support its efficacy is limited.

      One study of people with obesity had participants take 500 milligrams of berberine three times a day. The participants lost, on average, about two kilograms and 3.6 percent of their body fat. Another small study tracked people with metabolic syndrome for three months. They took 300 milligrams of berberine three times a day. The study participants went from being classified as obese to overweight and lost belly fat in the process.

      Both studies were small, so it’s difficult to say whether the benefit would be the same in a larger group of people.

      On the other hand, within the first week of using Ozempic people typically lose two to four kilograms of water weight. After a few months on a maximum dose, they lose about 15 percent of their body weight.

      It can lower cholesterol.

      Berberine could lower cholesterol, too. It does this by inhibiting an enzyme called PCSK9, which lets more LDL cholesterol (a.k.a., the “bad” kind) be removed from your blood, research has shown.

      One meta-analysis of 11 studies found that berberine can decrease total cholesterol. It can lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol, the “good” cholesterol.

      “Berberine appears to be an effective [fat]-lowering agent in those with high blood cholesterol levels,” Cohen says, noting that the supplement seems to be a “safe alternative” to statins, which are usually prescribed for high cholesterol.

      It may help with PCOS.

      There’s a lot of interest in berberine and PCOS because it may help with symptoms and complications of the condition. Berberine “showed greater differences in clinical, hormonal and [fat in blood] parameters” compared to metformin and myoinositol, a growth-promoting factor, one randomized study of women with PCOS found. As a result, berberine may have been able to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in those with PCOS.

      However, research has not found that berberine alone can help improve fertility in women with PCOS.

      Who should not take berberine?

      It’s a good idea to talk to your doctor before starting any new supplement, says registered dietitian Keri Gans. “Especially if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or have high blood pressure or diabetes,” she says.

      You also want to check to see if berberine may interact with any medications you’re taking, Cohen says. “Anyone taking cyclosporine should not take berberine, as berberine can increase its effects and the side effects of this medication,” she says. “In addition, individuals who have hypoglycemia should avoid berberine.”

      Berberine can also cause diarrhoea, constipation and gas. For people with IBS, berberine might not work well, Cohen adds.

      What foods are high in berberine?

      You’re not going to get a dose of berberine by, say, biting into an apple. But it’s available in some plants. “Berberine can be found naturally in the stem, bark and roots of certain herbs like goldenseal, Oregon grape and tree turmeric,” Angelone says.

      If you want to try berberine, check in with your doctor first. “It is important for those considering a berberine supplement to inform their primary care provider and not to stop any prescribed medication unless directed,” Cohen says.

      After getting the okay, Gans recommends looking for a supplement that has third-party certification. That, she says, “helps to ensure that is on the ingredient list is actually in the bottle.”

      This article by Korin Miller was originally published on www.womenshealthmag.com. More

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      Try This Shy Girl Upper Body Workout If You Lack Confidence At Gym

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      For strong, sculpted arms, biceps and triceps exercises are great — but don’t forget to work those shoulders too. Toning the tops of your arms is also a surefire way to build a strong, powerful upper body. And if you always find yourself feeling intimidated at the gym, let us introduce you to #ShyGirlWorkouts and more specifically, our Shy Girl upper body workout.

      What’s A Shy Girl Workout?

      @the.healthqueen dumbbell only! (IG: @ the.healthqueen) #fitgirls #beginnerworkout #shygirlworkout #selflove #fitness #dumbbellworkout #legday ♬ original sound – Ashley Ward

      No surprises here, it’s a trend that originated on TikTok. And it’s for all of us who don’t feel super confident in the gym and feel intimidated by the weight section. These are the main features of Shy Girl Workouts:

      They require zero or minor gym equipment 

      They can be done in one, small area of the gym 

      They include simple, easy-to-remember exercises 

      They’re a great way for you to build confidence so that you’re eventually able to venture into the sections of the gym that usually get your heart racing. So just take a look on TikTok and you’ll find a Shy Girl Workout for just about every body part. This is one trend we can seriously get behind!

      READ MORE: The 15-Minute Full-Body Weighted Workout That Tones Every Inch

      Why Do A Shoulder Workout?

      Unfortunately, most people have super weak shoulders, thanks to years of sitting hunched over at a desk and cell phone (womp, womp). But the good news is, all it takes is some strength exercises to pull them back into the proper position, helping to improve your posture and ditch neck pain.

      Not to mention, almost all upper body movement — both when you’re performing exercises or during everyday activities — involves your shoulder in some way. That means working those muscles will allow you to perform tasks and exercises with heavier weights, without injury.

      The Shy Girl Upper Body Workout

      So, to give you an assist, personal trainer Kelly Cole put together some of her favourite dumbbell shoulder workouts you can do anywhere. All you need is a set of dumbbells (note: choose a weight that feels like a major challenge during the last two reps) to give this workout a go. Kelly recommends adding two to three of these exercises to your upper body workout, or put them together for a focused shoulder workout. Whether you’re a beginner or advanced exerciser, this Shy Girl upper body workout is perfect to do at home or in the gym.

      Time: 15 Mins | Equipment: Dumbbells | Good For: Shoulders

      Instructions: Choose six exercises below. Then for each move, do three sets of 10 to 12 reps each, resting as needed between sets. Then continue to the next move.

      READ MORE: One Dumbbell, Six Moves: This Full-Body Workout Is So Beginner-Friendly

      1. Overhead Press

      How to: Start standing with feet shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent, holding a dumbbell in each hand, arms bent at 90-degree angles, elbows wide and in line with shoulders, palms facing forward. Then press the weights up until arms are straight overhead. Hold for one second, then take three seconds to lower the dumbbells back to start. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      2. Hammer Shoulder Press

      How to: Start standing with feet under shoulders, soft bend in knees, holding a pair of dumbbells at chin height, arms narrow in front of body and bent, palms facing inward. Press weights up overhead until biceps frame face. Hold for one second, then take three seconds to lower the dumbbells back to start. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      3. Front Raise Palms Down

      How to: Start standing with feet shoulder-width apart holding a dumbbell in each hand, arms straight, palms facing body, weights resting on quads. Keeping elbows straight, lift arms until they reach shoulder height. Then, slowly lower back down. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      4. Front Raise Palms Up

      How to: Start standing with feet shoulder-width apart holding a dumbbell in each hand, arms straight, palms facing up, weights resting on quads. Lift arms until they reach shoulder level. Then slowly lower back down. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      5. Cuban Rotations

      How to: Start by standing with dumbbells in each hand, elbows bent 90 degrees, in line with shoulders, and dumbbells raised to head height. With moving upper arms, rotate forearms down until they’re parallel to the floor. Then raise dumbbells back up to the starting point. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      READ MORE: So Little Space? You Can Do This Arms & Abs Bodyweight Workout Anywhere

      6. Lateral Raise

      How to: Start standing with feet shoulder-width apart holding a dumbbell in each hand, palms facing body, arms at sides. Raise arms outward until they’re parallel to the floor. Then return slowly to start. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      7. Arnold Press

      How to: Start standing with feet under shoulders, soft bend in knees, holding a pair of dumbbells at chin height, arms narrow in front of body and bent, palms facing body. Open elbows out wide to sides until inner arms face forward and then press the weights overhead, rotating palms away from body. Then return to start. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      8. Upright Row

      How to: Start with feet shoulder-width apart, holding a dumbbell in each hand, palms facing toward body, and weights touching quads. Pull elbows up and out wide to lift the dumbbells to chest. Then reverse movement to return to start. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      9. Shoulder Shrugs

      How to: Start by standing with feet shoulder-width apart, a dumbbell in each hand, and hands at sides. Lift shoulders up toward ears, then slowly lower back down to start. That’s one rep. Complete 10.

      10. Arm Circles

      How to: Start standing with legs shoulder-width apart, holding a dumbbell in each hand, arms extended out to sides at shoulder height, palms facing floor. Then make small, clockwise circles with arms, initiating the movement from the upper arm/shoulder joint not the wrist. One rotation is one rep. Complete 10.

      *Words: Kelly Cole

      This article was originally published on www.womenshealthmag.com More

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      5 Ways To Switch Up Your Workout Routine To Lose More Weight

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      You’ve been working out a ton and are convinced this is going to be the week that the number on the scale is finally where you want it to be. And then… nope. Womp womp.

      Put away that sad trombone — with a few simple changes to your normal workout routine, you can finally start to see results. In fact, changing up your workout routine for weight loss is basically the secret sauce for making progress.

      “Your body adapts to your workout, so it’s important to tweak your normal routine so you continue to get the most out of it,” explains strength and conditioning specialist Noam Tamir. Here, some of his favourite ways to switch up your workout routine for weight loss.

      1. Warm Up (But Really Tho) For Weight Loss

      If you jump into your workout without prepping your body first, well, you’re a normal human being. But you won’t be able to perform as optimally (read: burn as many kilojoules), says Tamir — that’s why it’s crucial to begin with a good warm-up.

      “Start with a couple of mobility moves, like hip-opener drills, ankle drills, leg swings and neck nods,” recommends Tamir. “All of these will help get the synovial fluid — the fluid inside of your joints — moving, which will help with your mobility overall.”

      He also recommends paying some attention to your glutes, which are the biggest muscle in your body — and should be activated before any workout for max results. His activation moves of choice: single-leg bridges, lateral band walks and deadbugs. “If you do just a couple of these moves before you begin, your workout will be much more effective.”

      2. Work Interval Training Into Your Cardio Routine

      “Interval training helps you burn more kilojoules than you do when you’re exercising in a steady state,” explains Tamir. So if you’re a treadmill junkie, sprint for 30 seconds and then walk for 30 — and keep alternating that routine. Play with the incline to increase resistance, too, which will boost your weight loss. You can try a similar technique on a bike or an elliptical — basically while doing any form of cardio. “You’ll be working harder when you’re going faster, which will spike your heart rate, and ultimately help you get more from your workout overall,” says Tamir.

      3. Focus On Compound Movements

      Many of the machines at the gym target one specific muscle group, but if you’re focused on weight loss, your best bet for weight training is to opt for moves that use multiple muscle groups at once. “An example of this would be a squat versus a leg-extension machine,” explains Tamir. “You’re using more muscles overall, which ultimately means you’ll end up burning more kilojoules.” Look to free weights, which challenge your balance and fire up more muscle, so you’ll work harder.

      4. Lift More Weight

      Because — you guessed it — you’ll end up burning more kilojoules.“For your upper body, try increasing the weight you’re using by five to 10 percent each week,” says Tamir. “And for your lower body, increase the weight by 10 to 15 percent each week.”

      So if you’re lifting five kilos, try increasing the weight by about half a kilo for your upper body, and about one kilogram for your lower body (depending on the weights you have; it doesn’t have to be exact).

      And if you currently do only bodyweight stuff, start using weights. “The key is to choose a weight where you’ll still be able to do your moves with clean form.” (Because going too big and getting injured definitely won’t help you get in better shape.)

      5. Refuel And Rehydrate

      “If you don’t do this, your body won’t get the optimal muscle gain from your workout, which will limit the amount of kilojoules you burn in the long run,” says Tami. In addition to drinking lots of water, he recommends having protein post-workout — something like chocolate milk is great.

      This article was originally published on www.womenshealmag.com More

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      You Can Do This Arms & Abs Bodyweight Workout Anywhere

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      Whether you’re pressed for space or can’t find weights at the gym, this abs and arms bodyweight workout does the job and then some. Created by trainer and instructor Kirsten Johnson, these moves sculpt long, lean muscles. “This workout is designed as a compound bodyweight workout,” says Johnson. “Each move incorporates multiple muscle groups and therefore aims to create long, lean muscle throughout the body while targeting and firing up both arms and abs.”

      The Abs & Arms Bodyweight Workout

      To get started, set your timer for 30 seconds and work for that time, doing each circuit twice before moving on to the next circuit. Rest for 30 seconds between moves, then move on.

      Circuit One

      Pushup to high plank twist

      Start in a push-up position on your knees and lower down into a push-up. Now, raise yourself up into a high plank position and rotate one arm to stretch upwards. Bring it back down and rotate the other arm upward to twist. That’s one rep. Keep it going for 30 seconds, then move on to the next move.

      Tricep dip alternating march

      Get into a reverse bridge position, with your hands and feet on the floor. Dip your triceps down, then extend upwards. Gently lift one leg off the floor and perform a marching motion. Repeat with the other leg. That’s one rep; keep going for 30 seconds.

      Single leg jackknife

      Start lying down, with your left knee bent and the right straight down. Extend your left arm backwards, hands pointing behind you. Pike up and raise your right leg and left arm at the same time to touch. That’s one rep. Keep going for 30 seconds, then repeat on the other side.

      Double-pulse scissors, on your back

      Start lying down with both legs outstretched. Keep your core engaged and your arms at your sides for stability. Raise one leg up and the other only slightly off the floor. Pulse for two beats, then switch legs. Keep it going for 30 seconds.

      Circuit Two

      Small lateral circles

      Get onto your knees with your weight evenly distributed. Stretch out your arms on either side. Make small circles with your arms for 30 seconds. Fair warning: this one is going to burn.

      Scapula contraction

      Get on your knees with your weight evenly distributed. Stretch out your arms on either side. Now bend them into a 90º angle and contract your scapula, pretending there’s a bar between them that you’re trying to squeeze. Release back to outstretched arms. That’s one rep.

      Side plank hip dip – knee to elbow

      Start in a side plank position with your legs stacked on top of one another and weight distributed evenly throughout. Balance on your forearm. Now dip gently down and dip back up. Pick one leg up and contract your knee to touch your elbow. That’s one rep.

      Sprinter situps  – alternating

      Start lying on your back with your arms outstretched in front of you. Contract your abs and lift one knee toward you, lifting your torso as you do so. Repeat on the other side. That’s one rep.

      Circuit Three

      Double-leg jack knives on arms

      Start lying on your back, legs outstretched in front of you. Now, hoist yourself up with your arms until they’re perpendicular to the floor. Jack your legs into your chest, contracting your abdominals as you do. Relax and stretch your legs back out. That’s one rep.

      High plank – alternating knee to chest & shoulder

      Get into a high plank position, weight evenly distributed. Lift one leg to tap the inside of your elbow, then rotate your leg outwards to tap the outside of your shoulder. Return to start. That’s one rep. Alternate your legs as you go.

      Single-leg ab bikes

      Come into a lying down position, back on the floor. Keep your hands under your head to protect your neck and keep your knees bent at 90º. Now stretch out your right leg and bring it into your chest, twisting your left side to touch your knee. That’s one re. Repeat on the other side, alternating.

      Plank pike up – knee to chest – commando

      Start in a plank position with your weight balanced on your arms. Pike up your abs and bring one leg into a crunch. Return your leg to start and bring your alternating leg into crunch. Now lower one arm down onto your forearm, then the other. Raise both arms up so you’re back in high plank. That’s one rep; keep going for 30 seconds.

      Watch as Kirsten performs the moves below:

      [embedded content] More

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      What Is The Macrobiotic Diet – And Can It Help You Lose Weight?

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      Rooted in Japanese culture, the macrobiotic diet espouses the Asian yin-yang philosophy and is all about bringing balance to your plate, and by extension, your body. It’s also endorsed by celebs like Ariana Grande, Gwyneth Paltrow and Sting. If you like whole grains and soup or are looking to try something new, this is the diet for you.

      Meet The Expert: Carla Chait is dietician and expert in macrobiotic eating

      The history of the macrobiotic diet

      The macrobiotic diet started in the 19th century. “Sagen Ishizuka, a Japanese army doctor trained in Western medicine during this time, became disillusioned with his craft when he was unable to cure himself of his own ailments using the allopathic approach to healing,” says Chait. He started experimenting with diet and postulated that the balance between potassium and sodium in the body is the foundation of health. He called for a rejection of the foundations of the Western diet (meat, sugar and dairy) and wanted a return to the traditional Japanese diet that prizes miso soup, brown rice, pickles and seaweed. “Ishizuka healed many patients with his approach to diet and health and became famous throughout Tokyo as the ‘Anti-Doctor Doctor’,” says Chait.

      So… what is the macrobiotic diet?

      You don’t need to buy the entire Japanese grocery store to get the benefits. The diet focuses on whole grains, legumes, vegetables and yes, seaweed as the principal foods, says Chait. Added to that are white-meat fish, nuts and fruits.

      What can you expect on the macrobiotic diet?

      While you’d be mistaken for thinking the diet, while being whole foods focused, is just a dolled-up vegetarian diet, you’d be wrong. Key differences include its ideological and energetic bases. The idea is that by eating the right foods, you can powerfully affect your health and well-being. Prized is food that is locally grown, less processed and options low in saturated fats.

      “People eating a Macrobiotic diet can expect increased physical stamina and mental clarity,” says Chait. “Eating whole foods gives one a ‘whole’ or expansive view of the world. Eating Macrobiotically not only changes one’s health then but also changes one’s life.”

      Will it help you lose weight?

      Since the diet prizes fibre and downplays fat content, you could very well shed kilos. “A high-fibre diet ensures that the digestive system is toned and functioning properly, while also stabilizing blood sugar,” says Chait. “The fat sources in the diet are largely mono- and polyunsaturated, which is good for heart health. Eating Macrobiotically will improve one’s overall health and ensure that energy is flowing smoothly through the body so that excess weight is discharged.”

      Who does it work best for?

      Well, since most dietary recommendations prize the upping of fruits and vegetables and whole grains, it comes as no surprise that this diet will work well for pretty much anybody. “The diet is especially helpful for those who have had a lifetime of poor food choices, leading to stagnation and disease,” says Chait. “For those, the diet is truly miraculous in restoring health and well-being.” Research backs this up. One study showed that macrobiotic diet can lower cholesterol and blood pressure, leading authors to think that it might be a great diet for people dealing with cardiovascular problems. Another study posited that it’s a diet associated with decreased cancer rates. In cancer patients, macrobiotic diet has been known anecdotally to yield results and is associated with decreased cancer risk. However, more research is needed to confirm the benefits of this diet on cancer.

      And it works for women, too. “Women consuming macrobiotic diets have modestly lower circulating oestrogen levels, suggesting a lower risk of breast cancer. This may be due in part to the high phytoestrogen content of the macrobiotic diet,” one study’s authors noted.

      Any supplementation required?

      Per one study, there’s a decrease in vitamin B12, vitamin D and calcium with people on the diet. But compared to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this diet outperformed in terms of being anti-inflammatory and health-giving.

      Try these two recipes from dietician Carla Chait to get in on macrobiotic eating.

      Miso soup with daikon and shiitake

      Prep Time 15 minutes minsCook Time 15 minutes mins

      Course Appetizer, Main Course, SoupCuisine Japanese

      4 dried shiitake mushrooms1 tsp dried wakame leavesWater for the soup1.5 cups halved and sliced daikon radish1 tbsp barley misohandful chopped spring onion for garnish
      Soak the dried shiitake mushrooms in a bowl of water for 10 minutes to soften, remove the stems, and slice thinly.Soak the dried wakame leaves in a little water for 5 minutes to reconstitute and slice the leaves into small pieces.Place the sliced mushroom, wakame pieces, and the sliced daikon radish into a pot and add 3 cups of water.Bring to a boil and cook, covered, for 5 minutes.Purée the miso paste in a bowl with a little of the soup broth and then return the miso purée to the soup, stirring gently.Simmer, uncovered, for a further 3 minutes.Garnish each bowl of soup with chopped spring onion.

      Keyword miso soup, soup

      Fried rice with tofu and vegetables

      Prep Time 20 minutes minsCook Time 10 minutes mins

      Course Main CourseCuisine Chinese, Healthy, Japanese

      1 tbsp sesame oil½ cup diced onion½ cup sliced celery½ cup quartered and sliced carrots1 cup crumbled tofu2 cups cooked brown rice1 tbsp water1 tbsp soya saucechopped parsley for garnish
      Heat the oil in a frying pan.Add the onion, celery, and carrot and sauté for 2 minutes. Stir in the crumbled tofu.Layer the rice over the vegetable and tofu mixture and pour the water down the side of the pan.Cover and cook on low heat for 5 minutes.Stir in the soy sauce and cook for a further 2 minutes.Garnish each serving of fried rice with chopped parsley.

      Keyword fried rice, healthy fried rice More

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      Why Does It Feel So Much Harder To Lose Weight When You’re Short?

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      Putting on 2kg when you’re 1.8m tall is NBD — you might not even notice it. But to lose weight when you’re short? It can feel like a 🚨🚨🚨 situation. But here’s where things get really, really frustrating: Losing those same 2kg is also way harder when you’re short.

      “Short women have slower metabolisms,” explains Dr Craig Primack, president-elect of the US Obesity Medicine Association. “The average woman has a basal metabolic rate (BMR) of 1 400 calories (5 852kJ) per day. That means, if she lies in bed for 24 hours, she will burn 1 400 calories (5 852kJ). But I see women who are shorter than 1.5m with BMRs of 1 200 calories (5 016kJ), and some who are 1.7m or so at 1 750 (7 315kJ) or more per day.”

      Why Is Life So Unfair, Though?

      The short (lolz) answer: The smaller your body, the less energy it needs — and the less it burns.

      The longer version: Short frames naturally have less lean mass on them, Primack says. Lean mass includes your muscles, organs, bones, connective tissues — basically everything that isn’t fat or water. Lean mass is the biggest factor in how many calories/kilojoules you burn at rest, walking to work, or crushing it in the gym.

      In fact, research published in the medical journal PLOS ONE explains that the size of people’s kidneys, brain, liver and muscles accounts for 43 percent of differences between peoples’ basal metabolic rates. And, yes, organ size is proportional to overall body size and height, with short women having smaller vital organs than taller ladies, says nutritionist and strength coach Marie Spano.

      As if that weren’t sucky enough, shorties also tend to have less muscle. After all, it takes less muscle to power a short leg than it does a long one. Spano notes that each 0.5kg of muscle burns about six calories (26kJ) per day at rest – before factoring in things like exercise that up the burn.

      But if you’re a shawty, there are ways you can outsmart your naturally slower metabolism.

      How To Lose Weight When You’re Short

      1. Eat for your needs.

      You know that whole “stay in your lane” saying? It totally applies to the food on your plate, too. Match your meals and snacks to your personal hunger levels and energy needs, rather than assuming you can lose weight eating the same number of calories/kilojoules that taller ladies can, says registered dietician Betsy Opyt. So as much as you might want to, maybe don’t eat the same exact brunch and two mimosas as your super-tall bestie.

      If you really start paying attention to your hunger signals, you may automatically start eating less. After all, how starving you are is a reflection of your metabolic rate, according to one study from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. People with higher metabolic rates (think: tall people) are generally hungrier than those (ahem, shorter ladies) with slower metabolisms.

      2. Lift heavy.

      Even if you can’t make yourself grow a few centimetres, you can still catch up to your tall friends’ metabolic rates, Opyt says. The key is building lean, metabolically active muscle. (No, you can’t change the size of your organs.)

      That’s why she and Spano encourage all of their shorter clients to incorporate strength training into their workout routines. Primack votes for lifting weights at least two to three times per week, prioritising heavy weights and moves that work several muscles over using lighter weights and only working one muscle at a time. “It is better to lift a 10kg dumbbell once than a 0.5kg dumbbell 20 times,” he says. “Exercise to muscular failure stimulates the muscles even more.”

      3. Put back more protein.

      Protein is awesome for weight loss because it’s so satiating, putting the kibosh on blood-sugar swings and triggering the release of feel-full hormones. Obviously, when you’re trying to cut calories/kilojoules, that can help.

      But if you’re trying to adopt the metabolism of a much taller individual, you’re also going to need protein to build muscle, says Spano. A 2018 review published in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition shows that to get the most muscle-building out of your workout, you should eat 0.4 to 0.55 grams of protein per kilogram of your body weight four times per day. For a 68kg woman, that works out to four meals of 27 to 38 grams of protein each.

      4. Pay attention to vitamins and minerals.

      To lose weight, you have to take in fewer calories/kilojoules than you burn per day. There’s just no getting around it. Unfortunately, that means, to lose weight, you might have to cut calories/kilojoules pretty low — sometimes to 1 200 calories (5 016kJ) or even less per day.

      And hanger isn’t the only issue you’ll deal with if you’re cutting cals. It can also be hard to get all of the nutrients you need when you’re taking in less food, Spano says. Talk to your doctor or a registered dietitian to determine if you need to take a multivitamin or a fibre, calcium or other supplement. Primack adds that you should never go lower than 1 200 calories (5 016kJ) without the supervision of a bariatric or weight-loss doctor who can monitor your nutrient needs and minimise any muscle loss.

      K. Aleisha Fetters is a certified strength and conditioning specialist, training clients both in-person and online.

      This article was originally published on www.womenshealthmag.com More

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      This 15-Minute Full-Body Weighted Workout Tones Every Inch

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      Wanna work out but no idea what to do? We’re here to the rescue! Get in on this full-body weighted workout by trainer Bazini Ngcongo.

      This full-body weighted workout requires just the dumbbells you have sitting in your living room, waiting to be used. Or, you could hit the gym and do it there. It doesn’t really matter. What does? Getting your strength training session done, so you can have healthier bones and muscles, which aid in longevity. No more niggly knees when you’re 80.

      Per Ngcongo, this workout will tone your legs, shoulders, arms, upper back and core. It’s also moderate in intensity, so you can do it if you’re recovering from a cold or just plain can’t stand the idea of jumping around right now. Plus, all you need are two dumbbells and any weight that’ll get you through the workout will do.

      To do this workout, work in 30-second intervals, rest for 15 seconds and then power through the next 30 seconds. Keep going until you’ve covered all the moves, for a total of 15 minutes. That’s all it takes!

      The 15-Minute Full-Body Weighted Workout

      Weighted Squats

      Standing with feet hip-width apart hinge at the knees to come into a squat position – making sure your knees track over your toes and don’t extend past. With the weight in your heels push back up to standing, squeezing your glutes at the top. That’s one rep. Keep going until the timer sounds.

      Back lunges

      Stand holding a dumbbell in each hand. Step backwards into a lunge on your left leg. Hold for a beat. Push off your left leg to return to the starting position and repeat.

      Curtsey lunges

      These’ll work your inner thighs and quads. Start in standing, with one dumbbell balanced on your shoulder, holding it with one arm. With the other, hold it out at your side for balance. Step into a curtsey, making sure your balance holds and weight is distributed evenly throughout. Step back to standing. That’s one rep.

      Romanian deadlifts

      Start in standing, holding the dumbbells at your knees, slightly bent. Hinge down, keeping your core engaged and lower the weights until they reach your shins. Hinge back up to standing.

      Bent-over rows

      Start in standing, then hinge forward from the hips and lower your back until it’s at a 90-degree angle with the floor. Now lift one arm and perform a row, weight in hand. You’ll feel it in your core and arms. That’s one rep. Alternate your arms until the 30-second timer is up.

      Front raises

      Start in a standing position and brace your core. Take one dumbbell and raise it, holding the weight with both arms. Raise until the weight is at chest level, then lower back down.

      Bicep curl

      Hold the weight in one hand. Curl your arm up until the weight touches your shoulder, then lower all the way back. That’s one rep. Keep your core engaged throughout.

      Plank

      Get into a plank position, elbows stacked under shoulders, toes tucked and hips raised so that your body forms a straight line from your head to your feet. Engage your core (it should feel as though you are tensing) and hold for 30 secs. Remember to keep your hips raised, breathe and try not to arch your back.

      Watch trainer Bazini demo the moves here:

      [embedded content] More

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      6 Tips That’ll Help You Get Over The Finish Line Of The Comrades Marathon

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      International water activist Mina Guli recently did a whopping 200 marathons in one year around the globe to raise awareness of the global water crisis we’re facing. 200 marathons? Now that’s a woman with intel, we say. Naturally, we turned to her right before the formidable Comrades Marathon to get her tips on how to get over the finish line, blisters and chaffing be damned.

      “I am not a runner, by any stretch of the imagination,” says Guli. “In fact, when I was younger, I avoided doing any form of exercise. But I realised that to raise awareness for the dire global water crisis, I would have to do something very hard to make a real impact. I have found that these six tips are the only reason I am able to make it through my runs when things get really rotten, and it would be so much easier to give up!”

      Stay in the moment

      Wanna give up because there are still 20 whole kilometres of road left? Take it one kilometre at a time, says Guli. “It is really important to remember this is not a 90km race, it is 1km one step at a time,” she says. “Focus on the kilometre that you are doing and the step that you are taking, really focus on just being there in that moment!”

      Focus on your purpose

      Throughout the race, remind yourself why you signed up for this race. Is it to raise awareness around an issue? Did you want to prove to yourself that you can do difficult things? Focus on this. “It’s very important to think in advance why you are doing this race, what your purpose is! It often helps to write this purpose on your hand or your wrist so that you can easily see it and remind yourself on the route why you are there!”

      Think good things

      You’re tired and everything hurts and you just want to give up. This will happen. To help, channel positive thoughts. “There will always be something that hurts – be real it’s 90km – but equally, there is always something that feels good. Whether it’s your fingers, your hands or even the tip of your nose, focus on that and how good it feels! Remember how powerful your mind is and focus your attention away from the hurt to the parts that feel good!”

      Be grateful

      “Phrase thoughts differently in your mind. Instead of thinking, I have to do this race, rather think how awesome it is to be able to take part in this event,” says Guli. “Say hello and thank you to all of the volunteers along the route who make a race like Comrades Marathon possible. When you give positive energy out, it’s incredible the energy that you get back and the power that this gives to your spirit, your body, your mind and your soul.”

      Get the basics right

      Remember your snacks, hydrate regularly and fuel your body properly with loads of carbs before the race. “You need to ensure that you take on the right fuel to help your body get through an incredible feat like the Comrades Marathon,” says Guli.

      Pick a mantra

      “When things get really tough for me, I remind myself that we CAN do hard things, we are capable of so much for than we realise,” says Guli. “I like to bring in all of the points above into my mantra to keep my head in the right space. [Things like] I am able to do hard things, I stay in the moment, I focus on my purpose, I think about only good things, I am grateful and I fuel my body to the best of my ability throughout the run.” More